Administrative assistant

I am actively seeking an executive assistant opportunity in a demanding, fast-paced multi-tasking office. I possess years of executive experience, which have equipped me with a multitude of skills, and I would like to continue my growth at AB Volvo’s Group Accounting Department.I am a college graduate and am proficient in the use of the Microsoft Office suite of software (MS Word, MS Excel and MS PowerPoint).Throughout my career I have demonstrated for my employers an exceptional facility for meeting organizational objectives and demands. In addition to my secretarial skills, I am an adept event planner, and am proficient in administrative work regarding the Sarbanes Oxley Act. I am also well versed in financial related communication due to my having worked in accounting environments previously.Furthermore, my current and previous employers have regarded my secretarial skills in planning meetings, taking minutes, filing and documentation as high quality.I am certain I would pr ove to be an asset at AB Volvo as well.If my abilities meet the needs of AB Volvo’s Group Accounting Department, I would greatly appreciate the opportunity of speaking with you personally at your earliest convenience. Thank you for your time.Sincerely,Jane Smith

Calveta Dining Services Essay

Calveta Dining Services, Inc.: Case Analysis Abstract Calveta Dining Services, Inc. was a $2 billion, privately held firm that managed food service operations for nearly 1,000 senior living facilities (SLFs) in the United States. It was built on Antonio Calveta’s passion for food and traditional family values. It made better food that was more nutritious for the residents of the SLFs whose current food budgets did not exceed. It also provided with not only higher-quality food but also more personalized service. Presently, Calveta Dining Services ran food services for 976 SLFs and employed 15,000 people. When Antonio retired from his 35 years of leadership, he named his eldest son, Frank, as the new CEO and was asked to double the company’s revenues within five years, of which 2 years have passed without any credible strategy adopted yet. He did not want to disturb the special company culture or risk their reputation for quality food services on the race to double the re venue. Now he finds it difficult to carry out his father’s directives. The humanistic and emphatically pro-employee company culture should not be disturbed while the growth strategy takes place. Currently, he is in a dilemma whether to expand beyond the SLF market and he is worried if he could continue to maintain the quality level, for which Calveta is renowned, in this process. Analysis In order to increase the revenue as promised to his father, Frank has to consider growth strategies for his organization. He has around three strategies in his mind and has to work on them to see which one brings the maximum benefit and fulfils his needs aptly. The strategies that he has in mind are either to continue in the existing situation itself or introduce it to the hospital segment. He also has thought of taking up Great Southwest Dining Service

Book Report: Camp Rock Stage Fright

Book Report Camp Rock: Stage Fright By: N. B. Grace Camp Rock: Stage Fright I. Summary: It is a well-known fact at Camp Rock that the director, Brown Cesario, loves to tell stories about famous rockers he knows and about his days on road. But what is not a well-known is that Brown can tell a mean ghost story, and because of that, Camp Rock has an annual Scary Story Bonfire. Everyone is allowed to tell their own story. Rockers were too excited for the bonfire; they cannot wait until midnight so they convinced Brown to spill his story during lunch.By the time all the campers had arrived to the campfire; grabbed some snacks and found sits, the lights had disappeared leaving them with a big bonfire while the stars were twinkling at the night sky. Brown started the tradition by saying some introduction. He let Barron James to take over and tell them the first story of the night. It was terrifying until someone scared Tess, and they all laughed because Tess screamed so loud, and fell backw ard off her log. The next one is Tess Tyler. She told them her â€Å"scary† story that was about her doing the chores. That was scary for her.Andy was the next one and he did it with some twist. He tells his story with rhythm using bongo drums. It was pretty cool. Then the last storyteller was the master storyteller as they call him. Shane Gray was the last one to tell story because he always tell them an awesome yet inspiring spooky story. He used different story for this bonfire and was dedicated to someone, Mitchie. Mitchie Torres was having trouble finding her music. She had been working on a song all week but she cannot finish it. When she writes one verse, she will just get stuck after it. Every line she had written seemed forced.Every note she tried sounded false. Shane knew that she was having a trouble. He knew that some people were saying things about Mitchie being close to him. They said that she only uses him for popularity and he knows that it was not the truth. So he just find a way to make her feel that she does not have to believe them. Shane told them a story about Sam and his guitar. Sam died and his soul was on his guitar, and it’s playing by itself, but not everyone can hear it because only true musicians with soul can hear it. Mitchie tested out if the story was true. She went to the woods and thought about Shane’s story.She waited until she heard some blues song somewhere deep in the forest. She cannot believe it until she saw Shane playing a guitar. It is already midnight when Mitchie and Shane decided to go back to camp. When they were already too far, a few blues notes shimmered through the air, then slowly faded away into the night. II. Reaction: I appreciated that they have made a sub-story about Camp Rock movie and I’m glad that they have. Even though I have not read the first six books, this story still inspired me and made me want to go buy the other six books and the book after this.It is more detailed than the movie. They elaborate the life of Mitchie being there at camp. The story was funny, scary, entertaining and inspiring. All of my favorite genres were altogether in this. Most importantly, this story is about music. 1. Did you enjoy the book? I enjoyed the book because it was entertaining. It was about the character’s passion about her music. It was scary and funny, yet inspiring. That’s why I find it entertaining. 2. Was it well-written? Why or why not? It is very well-written even though I find it weird because the letters were too big.I felt like I’m reading a children’s book, but I understand why. It is because it was published by Disney Press which is a publishing group of books for kids. It is a page-turning book because you know that it has many surprises by the next page. 3. Which characters play important role? Explain. Mitchie Torres plays the most important role because the whole story rotates about her. She was the one having the stag e fright. The second one is Shane gray the one who helped Mitchie to find her music. And the last one is Brown Cesario, the director of Camp Rock who started and organized the bonfire. 4.What can you say about the writer’s style of writing? Is it easy to follow? Difficult? Incomprehensible? Explain. It is easy to follow because it is pretty simple with simple words. It was written in teenage language that everyone could understand and it totally rocks. 5. Was the ending of the story satisfactory? Why or why not? Even though it is not yet finished because there is still a book after it, I am satisfied with the ending of the story that the main character was back to being herself again. She already realized that she really got the talent and she finished the song she’s been struggling with. . What moral did you gather from the story? I’ve learned many wonderful things from the story. The most important of them are friendship, trust and believing. For me, friendshi p is the most important thing in the world, without it you are nobody because even if you’re not popular, you still have your friends to support you and be there for you. And with that, here comes the trust. You just have to trust them that you will be okay, then believing, you have to believe them that they are going to be there when you need them.Also believe in yourself, do not be ashamed of who you really are. Believe in your talents, you deserved it so use it. Everyone is perfect in unusual ways; you just have to believe in yourself. 7. Would you recommend that this book be read by others? Why or why not? I already recommended this book to my friends and told them that it was awesomely cool. I recommended it to them because I know that it will inspire them too. I know that it will help them to gain their self-confidence and lead them to their special talents and achieve their dreams.

High-commitment HRM is more rhetoric than reality Essay

High-commitment HRM is more rhetoric than reality - Essay Example The paper tells that the term high commitment HRM can be defined as a set of HR policies and practices which are aimed to bring performance improvement in all the organization. There are various components of high quality HRM policies which are described below. Employee is the most primary element of the human resource management. One of the major component which deals with the high commitment HRM is regarding their security and the internal condition of the labor market. Employment security has been regarded as a high matter of concern because organizations cannot demand the best of the employee’s performance and dedication without providing them security and having concern for their career. Providing of employment security enhances the employment relationship. The most significant factor about the inclusion of employments security in the human resource policies is that it aims at eliminating job reductions and the employee’s expectation from the organization reaches a substantial level. Such policies also bring in to fact that the human resource management aims to highlight that they do not treat the workers of the organizations as variable cost but rather treat them as an asset who had their major contribution towards the organizational development. High commitment HRM also specifies that the employees hired in the organization through the selective recruitment process needs to be undergone through extensive training sessions to have a clear knowledge regarding their roles and the working of the organization. ... t significant factor about the inclusion of employments security in the human resource policies is that it aims at eliminating job reductions and the employee’s expectation from the organization reaches a substantial level. Such policies also bring in to fact that the human resource management aims to highlight that they do not treat the workers of the organizations as variable cost but rather treat them as an asset who had their major contribution towards the organizational development. High commitment HRM also specifies that the employees hired in the organization through the selective recruitment process needs to be undergone through extensive training sessions to have a clear knowledge regarding their roles and the working of the organization. Much importance has been stressed on the importance of the individual and organizational learning. Skill specific forms of training are being suggested in the principle of high commitment human resource management. Providing employee s with the necessary training also contributes to their overall development. Employee involvement and sharing of information among them also appears to be one of the vital components of the high commitment HRM. Sharing of information relating to organizational performance and financial matters will provide the employees with the updated information and would also be helpful in conveying the message that the employees are trusted and treated in an open environment with a positive manner. Employee participation can also be helpful for the management in providing them with legitimacy for their actions. Employee information and participation involves downward communication, problem solving groups which are designed to increase the rate of the employee participation. The importance of employee voice

Political Multimedia Assignments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Political Multimedia Assignments - Essay Example Although they use the fanatical right as a way of gaining the support of people who are not within the upper 1% in wealth in the nation, the Republican Party still stands on its original platform of less regulation and more freedoms and rights for corporations. This is in direct conflict with the needs of workers, but workers have flocked to the Republican Party due to fear of losing the rights they have or in support of radical ideas about the world concerning religion, guns, or abortion. This is corporate greed at its worst. What has happened as a consequence is that the irrational and unreasonable now have a voice and official support. Silver is placing the consequences of such hard-lined campaigning for ‘sides’ into context in order to show that people are becoming more about their political party than about the issues due to the polarization. Silver suggests that the Republican Party has now created a sort of vacuum in which they now must continue their fanaticism i n order to maintain those they convinced to join them. Instead of being able to come closer to the middle, in order to keep those they convinced to join they are stuck well over to the right. ... The Republican Party remade itself to be the party of the people through giving voice to radicalized beliefs. Now they are stuck with it. The Story of Stuff â€Å"The Story of Stuff† shows how little control consumers have in what they buy and what they are exposed to from their stuff. It also shows the blatant manipulation that all consumers experience. Most consumers know they are being manipulated, but still play into consuming more and more goods. The need to consume resources and then throw them away, according to the video, was designed. What does that mean for American society? It seems that it started with 19th century colonialism where one state felt they had the right to ‘claim’ another state and consume its resources. It could go back to the time of exploration where lands such as the Americas were claimed for Spain or England, but those times still allowed for the natural consumption of resources. Although, the destruction of buffalo for their hides by those European Ancestors who sought to claim the American West who then left the meat to rot in large fields of blood might be seen as one of the beginnings of this problem. The European American habit of conquering and stripping a land from its indigenous people, leaving them without the means to sustain their cultures as they once were is at the heart of this problem, and it began with those who claimed the right to colonialism. According to the video, Americans literally consumer 99% of what they buy which will be disposed of by the end of its first year of use. This is literal consumption. Every week as the trash is thrown out is seems that there are more and more quantities of

Peace, Stability and Coherence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Peace, Stability and Coherence - Research Paper Example It also defines how the IFOR was successful and what caused IPKF's failure. Hence, this paper describes their stance, motive, objectives and reasons.The success of IFOR in Bosnia against the lack of success of Indian troops in Sri Lanka.   CASE STUDIES Compare and contrast the success of IFOR in Bosnia against the lack of success of Indian troops in Sri Lanka.   As a reaction to the prevailing security threat and in the instability faced in many countries, in order to maintain peace and healthy relations organizations like the United Nation are playing their part to sustain the peace on a global platform. I would like to discuss to major operations held that is the Bosnia’s Implementation Force (IFOR), which was under the guidance of NATO, and the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF), which deals with the interference of India in Sri Lanka when the Civil War occurred. This operation by the two agencies symbolizes the variations which portray how such peaceful operation become s successful or vice versa. It was observed that the Indians faced a very clear defeat in their three yearlong operations in Sri Lanka, resulting in the failure of IPKF. On the contrary the IFOR faced immense success in its operation in Bosnia. In my paper I would like to explain why one of the forces was successful while the other faced defeat, what were the positive factors and where did one lack during the entire process. One needs to realize that both these operations occurred in separate era of time and had different influences. The Indian operation happened during the time between 1987 and 1990. Whereas the IFOR operationhappened from 1995 to 1996. It should be noted here that the operation in Sri Lanka was merely the intervention of Indians, on the contrary in Bosnia many different countries and organizations participated. The way technology has been used later exhibits sophistication and knowledge of various techniques and equipment with proper planning by the force. Apart f rom that India tried to take over Sri Lanka resulting in the hopes of becoming a super power. Thus their planning was not accurate that ultimately resulted in their failure. The purpose of the Indians was very self-centered and all they did was plan to overcome the Sri Lankans whereas the purpose of the Bosnians was to bring about peace. The difference in approaches determined their way to success and failure. (Thakur, 2001, 136) The issues that dealt with Bosnia were majorly targeting two things, firstly the non-human activities and secondly the ethnic difference that prevailed between various religious atrocities like Serbians, Croatians and Muslims which was considered to be as â€Å"ethnic rivalries† by the media. This was going on since a long time in Bosnia, there was a massacre in Bosnia when a gunman opened fire and killed many peaceful and unified protestors. Moreover events that involved killing of many innocent people at public places also occurred. Because of this many peace keeping bodies intervened to bring about stability and peace. When the IFOR came to Bosnia they said that they would implement the Dayton Accord compliance, and use force if it was required. Thus IFOR started it operations and throughout the process it faced immense abuses, found illegal weaponry, as well as the not authorized checkpoints of police.( Simulation of conflicts and wars, 69) IFOR started its operation their which was majorly concerned with the military and IPKF on the other hand did not focus on military interventions. The things that IPKF targeted their operation were to bury the hatchet between Sri Lankan military and the Tamil Eelam liberation Tigers (LTTE) and no focus was

Business Issues in Business Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Issues in Business Intelligence - Essay Example vels of a corporation to more simply access, identify, evaluate, collaborate, and perform operations on information, anywhere and anytime (TechTarget; Microsoft). Though, many business intelligence tools work fine and help organizations take better decisions. They provide exact targets, graphs, drill-through and drill-downs. However, a great deal of work in an operational data warehouse system entails processing of data collected from different operational systems into the data warehouse. In this process of decision making and making intelligible decisions, there exist many problems regarding ETL (extraction, transformation and loading). In other words, while collecting huge amount of data from different sources we can face many issues regarding ETL. These issues can also influence the overall quality of decisions and business operations. In addition, ETL can entail substantial complexity and significant operational problems those can take place due to improperly designed ETL systems that can eventually influence the performance of BI system’s working and operations (Scott). The successful implementation of BI requires plenty of data analysis and evaluation. In this scenario we need to assess the quality of data in predicting the results. On the other hand, data warehouses are normally assembled from a mixture of data sources with different formats as well as purposes. In this scenario, ETL is a key process to bring the entire data together in a standard and uniform structure. In case a problem happens to ETL process overall working and operations of the corporate decision support can be exaggerated. In addition, it will lead to ineffective and lower quality results. Moreover, major issues in ETL can include: (Kimball and Caserta; Kimball and Ross, The Data Warehouse Toolkit: The Complete Guide to Dimensional Modeling, 2nd Edition) The presence of any of the above listed issues can affect the implementation of business intelligence. These issues can also lead

Leadership, Teambuilding, and Communication Essay - 1

Leadership, Teambuilding, and Communication - Essay Example It distinguishes the causes of group conflicts in organizations from structural and personal factors, its broad consequences on individuals’ groups and entire organizations that are either functional or dysfunctional, and gives strategies for conflict resolution in the organization. Finally, the paper evaluates the traditional (trait, contemporary and behavior) approach, contemporary (organizational, educational, transformational and strategic leadership) approach, and emerging approaches to leadership stating how they impact on the organizational performance. Keywords: Organization, Group, Team, Conflicts, Traditional and Contemporary Approach, Communication, Sender, Receiver, Technology, Stress, Environment Workplace Stress Stress is a major challenge for individuals and organizations performance, due to its effect that may cause negative reactions if left unattended. It exists to interfere with performance, mounting pressure or various demands on individuals that they end u p giving negative reactions, when their capability to cope with the situation is exceeded by the impact of the cause. The causes can be of different factors and situations grouped into those related to work content (e.g. Long working durations and work overload), social context of work (relations and interactions in handling responsibilities) and organizational context of the work, dealing with the effectiveness of organizational changes and structure in performance and working environment (Michie, 2002). Generally, simple activities and situations, like an organization that is not concerned with the working conditions of employees could cause stresses that may pose a health hazard. Assigning an individual worker various tasks to be completed within an impractical duration, so as to minimize costs or workplace bullying on employees can result into stress. There are immediate varying responses to exposure to stress that influence the individual’s behavior based on their psycho logical effect, mood, feelings, and psychical conduct. For example, stress resulting from bullying in the work environment can make some workers to retaliate in aggression, lose focus due to humiliation, become irritated, or even unmotivated. Workloads can make employees suffer from fatigue or even be uneasy, especially when deadlines are closer. In critical cases, depression and frequent headaches do occur when stress is severe. Stress impacts on employees’ physical and psychological capability, ending up lowering performance in the organization as a result of less productivity, competitiveness, creativity, and efficiency (â€Å"The Impact,† 2013). Issues causing poor concentration may lead to accidents in the organization, which may cost the management to cater for employees’ health, hire new staff, or even repair unplanned damages in organizations. Individuals and organizations need to make efforts to prevent and manage stress, as a way of ensuring safety and health in workplaces. Some approaches that can support such activities in the organization include; facilitating conducive working environment, recreational activities for employees, and clear definition of roles and channels of communication, to prevent factors causing stress like repetitive strain injuries and conflicts in

Thorstein Veblen Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Thorstein Veblen Paper - Essay Example His father's systematic and methodical practice of his craft, and the simple work ethic of the people around him, made a lasting imprint on his mind. The impact on his thinking of the marked behavioral and lifestyle contrast between the industrious, hardworking farmer-artisans and the small businessmen, traders, and lawyers (mostly white Americans) in the towns found its expression in much of his work in later years. Until 1891, when Veblen found a teaching post at the economics faculty of the University of Chicago, he was practically a professional failure. But once he was attached to an "institution" of higher learning, he thrived and his career blossomed, moving to Stanford in 1906, the University of Missouri in 1910, and in 1918 worked at various posts, lectured, and wrote thought-provoking works that continue to challenge modern minds to this day. We see in this distinction his insight into the working of the economy as a coordinated system with two components: the producing, technology-driven, practical side called industry and the coordinating, value-providing, and capital stimulating business enterprise. His concept of industry does not only relate to the working of machines. Veblen applies it equally to agriculture and animal husbandry as to encompass any activity that involves a series of precise, interdependent, and interlocking processes that are larger in scope than the machines, animals, and crops that are harnessed for public consumption and convenience. He calls 'captains of industry' those who coordinate these industrial processes. Veblen (6) looked at industrial process as having two clear and general characteristics: it has to be well-coordinated and precise. These, he concluded, would lead to greater efficiency and the development of standards that, in turn, would lead to uniformity. The eventual conclusion in a market where free competition exists is the production of goods that are more affordable, an increase in consumption, and the development of new products based on profits generated by the continuing industrial process. The over-all coordination of the machine industrial processes has to be done with precision, because any imbalance would affect its efficiency, threatening the integrity of the system and producing waste, idleness, and hardships (18). How is such over-all coordination achieved This is where the business enterprise plays an important and decisive role. Veblen states (19) that "the organization of the several industries as well as the interstitial adjustments and discrepancies of the industrial process at large are of the nature of pecuniary transactions and obligations. It therefore rests with the business men to make or mar the running adjustments of industry." Business, in

A Beautiful Mind Essay Example for Free

A Beautiful Mind Essay Mental disorders have been one of the most severe cases of abnormality in our society today. Filmmakers are fascinated to create movies based on these disorders. Many filmmakers tried to portray the effects of different kinds of mental illness. They are fascinated with how the human mind works whenever it is consumed with abnormalities. Some films are made to stun the audience using the gruesome effects and treatment of the illness; but in reality those stunning effects were added just to impress or capture the interest and sympathy of the general public, and sometimes it goes on to the point of exaggeration. But some are made accurately, explaining detail-by-detail symptoms, effects and treatment of the disorder. For my movie review, I tried to look for a good example, a model movie, and a work of art that really wants to share all information they could possibly share, and possibly doesn’t stray out of its purpose. To that effect, the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† is the film that had captured my interest the most. This particular film portrays a man named John Forbes Nash (played by actor Russel Crowe) who was found to have a psychological disorder called Schizophrenia. See more:  Perseverance essay A Beautiful Mind† is very effective in portraying the symptoms, effects and treatment of Shezophrenia. A Beautiful Mind (Schizophrenia) The movie’s portrayal of schizophrenia was mostly accurate. Nash would be described as a paranoid schizophrenic, having delusions and hallucinations with themes of persecution and grandiosity. His personality fits the description of someone with schizophrenia because he lives in his own inner world and he is socially withdrawn and isolated. The disease developed over time from a chronic history of social inadequacy. As shown in the movie, Nash had a difficult time relating to his peers and talking to women. It also developed at the standard age, late adolescence during his years at college. Another realistic feature of the film was that once the disease developed, the hallucinations were triggered by stress. Nash experienced disturbed perceptions in the form of three of his senses. He heard voices; saw people that didn’t exist and was even able to believe he was touching these people. At times schizophrenics inflict pain on themselves in response to voices or imagined reality. In Nash’s case, he tore open his arm to find a sensor he had imagined that the government put in his body. The last thing that made the portrayal realistic was that research shows that given a supportive environment, some schizophrenics eventually recover to enjoy a normal life, and in the end that’s what happened with Nash. He was able to live his life with occasional bouts of schizophrenia intermittently. According to Philip Long, Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling mental illness (2008). Schizophrenia is a disorder that lasts for at least 6 months and includes at least 1 month of active-phase symptoms of the following: delusion, hallucination, disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptoms. In the movie A Beautiful Mind, the main character John Forbes Nash exhibited all of the above symptoms. He often engaged in conversations with his imagined friend and roommate, Charles Herman. He was also convinced that there was an agent named William Archer who was giving him secret assignments to be delivered at night. But it was not long when his wife, Alicia, realizes what was happening to her husband’s state of mind, and passionately helped him realize that Charles Herman, William Archer and Marcy, were all a product of his unstable mind. Furthermore, people with Schizophrenia find it hard to be sociable, and even their jobs may suffer because of this (Long 2008). In the movie, John Nash illustrated that he was no longer capable of functioning at work because he was continuously engaging in the imagined government assignments instead of attending class on a regular basis. He was also unable to function socially, he socially withdrew himself from his friends and he was no longer capable to care for his baby especially the scene in which he was out of touch with reality that he left the baby unattended in the tub. John Nash was also experiencing problems with his wife as a result of his inability to engage in sexual activities and his wife’s inability to clearly comprehend the gruesome effects of Schizophrenia. People with Schizophrenia vary with their reaction towards their own illness because of the simple fact that what they see and feel is beyond their control. It is inevitable for them to consistently rumble incoherent sentences or just respond with a very uncontrollable anger, sometimes with no apparent reason at all. John Nash exhibited this symptom especially when he was in the presence of others who were not aware of his mental disorder. People with this disorder may not be able to hold down jobs or even perform tasks as simple as maintaining conversation as John Nash exhibited in the movie A Beautiful Mind. Additionally, John Nash was given Insulin Shock Therapy, which is also known as Insulin Coma Therapy at the psychiatric hospital that he was admitted to. He received this form of treatment five times a week for ten weeks. Large doses of insulin were administered which would reduce the blood sugar and brought on a seizure-like state and then a comatose state that John Nash experienced whenever this form of treatment was done. The Insulin Shock Therapy is still done however there are critics who state that this form of treatment is cruel and inhumane but there has not been a termination of this treatment in spite of the criticisms. Furthermore, over the years more treatments have been formed in order to treat Schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs are thought to mainly provide relief from the positive symptoms and psychosis. Nash received antipsychotic drugs when he was released from the hospital. Some examples of the psychotic drugs that are being used now to treat Schizophrenia are Thorazine, Clozaril, and Trilafon. Unfortunately his medication disrupted his relationship with his wife almost as much as his delusions did in the first place. For example, he couldn’t respond to his wife in bed, he couldn’t show affection to their child, and he couldn’t do simple tasks around the house. He stopped taking his medication and falls back into his paranoid delusions. Nash had a breakthrough and realized that the people he was seeing were hallucinations when he realized that none of them aged. In the movie A Beautiful Mind, John Nash had the support of his wife, Alicia Nash who was very instrumental in his recovery. The support of loved ones is very vital for people with Schizophrenia in order for them to not face the challenges that they will encounter alone. This is a very unusual story since the protagonist was able to win over his disease; not all who were under Schizophrenia are able to this kind of accomplishment. Displays of acts of violence are of major issue in treating Schizophrenia (Long 2008). Nash’s reaction when he thought that Archer was threatening his family is an indication to this act. However, except from his previous flights, John Nash did not commit any serious violent acts. He unintentionally harmed himself by removing the imagined device that he stated that William Archer implanted in his hand. This is a contradiction to the usual. But we all know from the beginning that Nash is an exception to the rule. Observations over the past years suggest that Schizophrenia is most unfavorable with men than women. Maybe this has something to do with the emotional treatment suffered by men over various circumstances, and that includes the amount of rejection they received from their environment. John Nash received mainly mixed reactions as a result of his mental disorder. His wife, Alicia was devastated at first but was able to overcome all of her negative emotions when she recalled the loving man she married and knew before he was diagnosed with Schizophrenia. However, he was laughed at and mocked by some of the students who attended the university that he worked at. One unrealistic aspect of the film was that Nash was able to just ignore the hallucinations when he stopped taking his medication. In reality, the delusions would have been too intense to just take no notice of. The movie also oversimplified affects of the disease on his family. They never attended any counseling or help groups, and the disease was never explained to the wife in great detail, yet she stuck by his side. However there weren’t any parts in the film that would misinform an audience about the disorder. In conclusion, the movie A Beautiful Mind is an excellent movie that clearly depicts the life of a person with Schizophrenia. It demonstrates the challenges that individuals with Schizophrenia encounter and it also demonstrates that the support of the family is very vital for individuals with Schizophrenia in order for them to cope with the effects of this mental disorder. The movie A Beautiful Mind showed realistic dramas that John Forbes Nash encountered and problems that other individuals who have been diagnosed with Schizophrenia and other mental disorders will most likely experience.

Ecotourism Trend Environmental Management Tourism Essay

Ecotourism Trend Environmental Management Tourism Essay Environmental management and sustainable development is one of the most recent ecotourism trends. The term environmental management first surfaced in the 1980s describing the importance of organizations, populations, and communities to practice and handle their environmental impacts. Conservation of resources and sustainable developments are the key components to protecting and managing the environment, as well as addressing the effects of the tourism industry and other various sectors. Tourist areas such as Costa Rica, Brazil, the Dominican Republic and other various destinations are in desperate need of implementation of the ecotourism trend environmental management. All tourist destinations suffer from the lasting impacts of their visitors, continuous construction of infrastructures, deforestation and finally pollution affects. Government laws and regulations alongside with community, professional and personal concerns, when combined, may lead to significant improvements in enviro nmental management. The article, A methodology for creating greenways through multidisciplinary sustainable landscape planning, by Selma Beatriz Pena and other colleagues (2010), discusses a precise method in particular to greenways by sustaining tourism areas. Greenways are networks of linear elements that are planned, designed and managed for multiple purposes, including ecological, recreational, cultural, aesthetic or other purposes compatible with the concept of sustainable land use (p.971). By using landscapes in a cultural and natural process that does not have detrimental environmental effects, interpretation, knowledge and understanding is required for the sustainment of tourism areas. Landscape is a complex concept and system that is the result of the combination of natural and human force factors. The cultural and natural elements were incorporated through an ecological structure that is the product of natural and fundamental systems. The comprehension of environmental sensitivity can give way to sustainable development by supporting decisions regarding interventions from ecological, economic and social perspectives. (p. 971) By the positive and helpful use of landscape alongside with steady use, the management of the environment will continue to become known and more effective. The discussed methodology envelops three phases of criteria including eco-cultural analysis, synthesis and diagnosis, and the proposal. The approach consists of landscape structures and dynamics consisting of biophysical, dynamic, vegetation and other various cultural characteristics. The eco-cultural analysis was used by searching and gathering valid information collected solely from field data and cartography. The study of habitats is critical to acquire knowledge of the territory and sustain the foreseeable correct management measures. (p. 978) Many other analyses such as the biophysical component, geomorphologic dynamics, the vegetation analysis, cultural landscape, and the cultural and natural analysis, compiled together the information needed to make a successful proposal in identifying the necessary steps towards environmental management and the sustainment of landscapes. Preserving natural areas such as fields, meadows and forests leads to the sustainable maintenance of ecosy stems and is the principle of managing the environment. Once the priority actions and the management measures for habitats that ensure ecological equilibrium of landscape have been implemented, it is then possible to propose sustainable greenways. (p. 980) Article 2 The use of choice experiments in the analysis of tourist preferences for ecotourism development in Costa Rica, Robert R. Hearne (2002) explains, During the past decade Costa Rica has successfully promoted its tourist industryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (p. 154). Hearne also addresses the dynamic aspects and advances of sustainable infrastructures and their extreme efforts towards protecting their natural areas via nature-based tourism. Nature-based tourism is used to promote the dual goals of nature conservation and income generation. (p.153) To further make an environmental management impact, Costa Rica must combine within the tourists an appreciation for the nature, sustainable infrastructures, specified and defined restrictions, as well as the acknowledgement of national parks and protected areas. An increase of tourists in any area immediately generates revenue, a positive effect. While tourist dollars can generate income for local populations and contribute to the financial self-sufficiency of protected areas (p. 153), they also propose harmful possibilities on the environment including leaving their imprints on the land, loss of resources and creating a large volume of pollution. Chosen experiments appear as means to evaluate the impacts on the Braulio Carrilo National Park due to a major increase of tourist visitations in the area. The experiments and tests are a comprehensive and accumulative evaluation that analyzes direct links with economic theory of derived utility that consumers utilities are defined over a bundle of attributes or characteristics of a purchased good or service. (p. 156) A large majority of the park aims its focus on the protection and conservation of wildlife habitats including pumas, jaguars, tapirs, quetzals, and eagles. Along with the variety of species, the park is located among five different climate zones. Therefore, an environmental management plan and experimental assessment is key to the preservation of the National Park and to inform the park rangers the essential needs of the area. This study demonstrates that choice experiments are a feasible mechanism to analyze user preferences for the management of protected areas in dev eloping countries. (p. 161) Article 3 The third article, Sustainable Strategies for the Brazilian Amazon Region: An Ecotourism Perspective, Raul Gouvea (2008) discusses the importance of implementing an ecotourism industry along the Amazon region due to the influx of tourists and the lack of sustainable development accommodations. The Brazilian government has become aware of the environmental dangers that may occur because of the growth in the tourism industry. Each year Brazil becomes a more known tourism destination with the continued expansion of hotels, theme parks and convention centers. With the developments of new infrastructures, the environment will suffer from deforestation and major disturbances among the wildlife animals and surrounding habitats. Taking action now and considering the needs of an ecotourism trend such as environmental management will ensure the sustainment of the country. Ecotourism offers an avenue for translating sustainable development strategies into profits and a feasible alternative to f inance the conservation of ecosystems. (p. 89) The Brazilian government has tried various perspectives of environmental management regulations since 1987. With the establishment of their ecotourism industry, the protection and conservation of the visited areas, and efforts to generate benefits to the local communities as a way to promote the conservation of local habitats (p.91), are their two main focuses on tackling this problem. Collectively, with their focuses, The Brazilian Tourism agency and the Ecotourism Poles Project and the Brazilian Ecotourism Institute, works towards a successful program of devising, identifying and promoting poles for ecotourism development. However, a major problem that Brazil faces is the lack of educated professionals appointing the ecotourism advances. The three corporations that are working so hard to develop and implement the ecotourism trend of environmental management are having a serious problem with acknowledging where to begin, finding the manpower needed for the necessary changes of infra structures and difficulties with their communication and transportation efforts. The only answer towards lasting environmental management in Brazil is that several steps need to be taken to establish a persuasive eco-mindset in the Amazon region. The creation of an ecological triple-helix, bringing together the local private sector, local educational institutions and local and federal governmental agencies is of paramount importance to move the ecological agenda forward in the region. (p. 93) Article 4 Leida Mercado and James P. Lassoie, wrote the article, Assessing Tourists Preferences for Recreational and Environmental Management Programs Central to the Sustainable Development of a Tourism Area in the Dominican Republic (2002). Sustainable development, conservation of natural resources and preservation of the environment from the affects of the tourism industry was an important emphasis in the paper. The link between market competitiveness and sustainable tourism is very reasonable, especially when the tourism industry depends on the uniqueness of environmental resources, as in the Dominican Republic. (p.255) The tourism industry is known to be a major affliction in the goal towards and eco-friendly environment. The appropriate way to assess that problem is to first incorporate the specifications such as regulations and policies of a tourism area to sustainable developments. Also, to further help the ecotourism trend of environmental management, recognizing the interests in susta inable developments of tourists and other communities will help aid in creating awareness and add extra support to environmental management. This article first handedly reports how important it is to elicit tourists preferences of programs central to the sustainable development of tourism areas since these preferences can drive managers development decisions in more sustainable directions. (p. 253) To further pinpoint the interests of tourists regarding where they like to vacation, a considerable amount of nearly two hundred people were interviewed. The importance of containing this information is because then the resort of Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic, as well as surrounding areas, will be aware which areas will need extra help in environmental management and sustainable developments. The main factors that they considered when deciding where to go on a beach vacation were evaluated, as well as their preferences regarding four programs designed to improve recreational and environmental management of the area. (p. 253) The tourists expressed their opinions in financial terms. Of the results that they gathered, certain preferences expected of the tourists where cleanliness of the ocean and beach areas, prestige of services, and the overall price when going on a vacation. Also, they responded particularly to two of the four sustainable development programs. The outdoor aqu arium and the Water Management Program were the main interests of the interviewed tourists as they showed a substantial willingness to pay. From the study of tourist preferences, it is possible to draw conclusions with implications for both sustainable tourism development and environmental policy. (p. 265) Article 5 The final article that showed the growing ecotourism trend of environmental management, A Conceptual Framework to Develop Long-Term Ecological Research and Management Objectives in the Wider Caribbean Region, (2004) was written by Victor H. Rivera-Monroy. Tourism is the main source of income for the Caribbean region. With the constant flows of tourists entering the region, it puts a lot of stress on the fragile ecosystems. The environment experiences signs of deprivation in most common areas such as the surrounding sea and watersheds. Tourists are also responsible for the damages they leave behind, the extra amounts of pollution in the area, the disruptiveness of wildlife habitats and the need of lodging accommodations. Because the Caribbean cannot do without tourists generating revenue, ecotourism is becoming a very well known trend because of the need for environmental management strategies and support for sustainable developments. A problem when assessing the development of the ec otourism trend is that there are few, explicit, long-term, comprehensive studies describing the structure and function of Caribbean ecosystems. (p. 843) To address the problem of the fragile ecosystems, a conceptual framework using environmental signature hypothesis of tropical coastal settings to develop a series of research questions for the reef-sea-grass-wetland seascape (p.843) was created. A total of thirteen locations of different atmospheres and tolerance levels of environmental impacts from both natural situations and external ones were documented with the conceptual framework approach. This approach follows the strategy developed by the Long Term Ecological Research program of the National Science Foundation to establish ecological research questions best studied over decades and large spatial areas. (p. 843) The thirteen selections showcased different stages of tolerance from possible human impact of the ecosystems. The destruction of coral reefs were the main concern found in the research approaches. Effects of damages made to the coral reefs may be from sedimentation, destructive fishing, poorly regulated mining and cons truction and anthropogenic nutrient inputs. (p. 850) The causes that lead to the destruction of the coral reefs solely comes from the tourism industry. The Caribbean region constantly maintains accommodations for their visitors by participating in deforestation, infrastructures of hotels and other facilities, mining and the construction of the coast and beach areas. All in all, the Caribbean has successfully centered some main environmental damages made by tourists. The next step is to further implement the ecotourism trend of environmental management full force in the region to protect the natural areas. Conclusion The main reasons how tourism negatively affects the environmental management approaches is through the adjustments that ecosystems and wildlife areas have to modify because of the human ecological footprints of tourists, secondly, deforestation by construction of both general infrastructure and tourism related facilities, and finally pollution of noise, water, and air However, because of all the harmful contacts that tourism has with the environment, it does raise a lot of probable concerns to create awareness to the environmental management protection and conservation organizations. Physical impacts on the environment primarily come from the construction of tourism and leisure related facilities such as roads, railroads, paths, airports, marinas, hotels and resorts, and stadiums for sporting events such as the Olympics, National Football League, and NASCAR. With the constant increase in demand for tourism and recreational service areas, deforestation is the main cause to the negative impacts in the environment. Land resources such as forests, fields, and the countryside are being used for building materials, accommodation of the land, and minerals and soils. With the decrease of natural regions, wetlands and wildlife is also experiencing the detrimental shocks. In closing, all of the above articles discuss the important ecotourism trend of acquiring environmental management procedures and tactics. The common theme among the articles is acknowledging the positive and negative effects of tourism. A positive effect for the Costa Rica National Park was increased revenue that was essentially used to help protect their natural areas. Other positives include new methodologies and advanced approaches for protection and sustainable developments. However, despite the many positives, tourism also has negative impacts on specific areas resulting in the desperate need for new ecotourism trends which includes environmental management and sustainable developments.

Organisational Structure And Product Analysis Of Theme Park

Organisational Structure And Product Analysis Of Theme Park The philosophy of marketing needs to be owned by everyone from within the organization. Marketing focuses on the satisfaction of customer needs, Marketing is not only much broader than selling, it is not a specialized activity at all It encompasses the entire business wants and requirements. Future needs have to be identified and anticipated. The marketing concept is a philosophy. It makes the customer, and the satisfaction of his or her needs, the focal point of all business activities. It is driven by senior managers, passionate about delighting their customers.Marketing is not only much broader than selling, it is not a specialized activity at all It encompasses the entire business. It is the whole business seen from the point of view of the final result, that is, from the customers point of view. Concern and responsibility for marketing must therefore permeate all areas of the enterprise.This customer focused philosophy is known as the marketing concept. The marketing concept is a philosophy, not a system of marketing or an organizational structure. It is founded on the belief that profitable sales and satisfactory returns on investment can only be achieved by identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer needs and desires. INTRODUCTION OF Q1; Lost World of TambunTheme Parks in Malaysia The latest attraction from Sunway City Ipoh in Tambun, the Lost World is a new water theme park in Perak set to provide you a fun-filled adventure for friends and family! Nestled among lush greenery and limestone hills, the Lost World has a host of exciting activities to keep you coming back for more. Question 1: Your role: You are required to select a theme park of your choice. You are required to determine their organizational structure, products, markets, and competitors. Introduction As part of your research, you will need to define the structure of the franchise and the product that is being offered to the consumer. Content You are required to analyze: Their market strength Their zone of natural expansion Brand positioning and marketability of their brand Suggest steps to improve their sales and profits Suggest how they can take their business to a global scale Summary Conclude your research by summarizing all the above and provide a final solution on how the theme park may thrive in a completion market place. All cost for the event and portfolio must be self funding. Olympia College will not be responsible for any cost or any unforeseen circumstances occurred during this event. Answer Q1 As part of our assignment, I have chose the Lost World of Tambun theme park as my choice for doing my assignment. From my own research, there is five main elements which make up this world of adventures which is as stated in the structure belowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Jungle Wave Bay CLIFF RACER Tiger Valley Water park Hot Springs Spa FIVE ELEMENTS Water Park An exquisitely beautiful Waterfall Beach Garden exhilarating water rides in the theme park for everyone at the water park and where the water beach garden were the biggest wave pool in Malaysia where the waves could swell up to 3 feet high. At there, you could find a absolutely perfect landscaped beach which surrounded by 20 feet twin waterfalls with two rivers flowing into the pool. There is also a musical body wash as a refreshment before to the caption of Sandy Bay. Explorabay, a kids only zone which is specially designed for kids while Cliff Racer are intend for a adult and youth. And of course, the longest inflatable tube ride in Malaysia, Tube Raiders which is the family favourite giant slides while Adventure River is more on relaxing water ride. Cliff Racer Sail through the jungle canopy in an old mine cart after a drop from dizzying heights; just like in the old Wild Wild West movies! The park is perfect for those family escapades. Be sure to bring spare clothes for a change after a whole days fun on the numerous water slides and water games. The park also plays host to a few tigers and albino tiger cubs and visitors can witness the tiger feeding times between 11.30am to 5pm every day. The park is open everyday except Tuesdays (school/public holidays excluded) from 11am 6pm. One can have a cocktail at the Rum Jungle Bar between 6pm 9pm every night. Entrance tickets start at about RM25 per adult and RM 19 per child (children under 90cm gets free entrance). The park also offers special food, entrance and rides packages. Lost World Hot Springs Spa As the latest supplement for the visitors to enjoy the inimitable feel of the hot spring, the water in the hot spring come from a natural source, and this is a sanctuary for the visitors to relax and enjoy and to experience hygienic and rejuvenating hot water. Besides, there are many other elements which are catered for the visitors presenting the ultimate relaxation experience Tiger Valley There are feeding tigers show and their handles at play in the tiger valley. You can learn abit about how the tigers are cared through the valleys educational program where you will be able to get close and personal with one of these exquisite tigers. Lost World Petting Zoo Visitors can take a walk on the wild side and The Petting Zoo allows the public to touch, feel, feed and play with the animals; giving those looking for a more personal encounter, a closer perspective. Body Market Strength So many words packed into one, the Lost World of Tambun, where providing an action packed with exciting adventures with the most sensational rides and glamour in Ipoh, Malaysia. A 60 million Ringgit theme park which located in this historical town of Ipoh, in the middle of the North South corridor in Perak; and is set in the inborn landscapes of Ipoh, surrounded by exquisitely breath taking limestone features. The Lost World of Tambun has its own market strength just like the other theme park as well. As my research all over these theme parks, The Lost World of Tambun is the best theme parks if compared to all the competitors around within the northern region in Ipoh example like Bukit Merah. They has providing a variety services which provides leisure, relaxation, enjoyment as well as entertainment. Moreover, the price are quite reasonable for the services they are providing. As another market strength, Lost world of Tambun is the only theme park with natural hot spring and the water come from natural source and the thermal water in the pool are not recycled. Furthermore, they got a formation of the stand alone rock formation 10 storey building within the theme park. Based on the 4Ps, place, people, promotion and products, Lost World of Tambun had provides all these 4Ps if compared to other competitors as their market strength. Place 800 parking spaces provided Good transportation Natural pleasant landscape People Good services Caring from staffs Friendliness from staffs Promotion Invite international performance during parties; beach party Promote online through hot websites; facebook, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Promote through travel and tour agencies for packages Product Water Park Amusement Park Lost World Hot Springs Spa Tiger Valley Lost World Petting Zoo Zone of Expansion For your information, Lost World are exposed to the nature. Therefore, it has ample of natural resources around and within the park. As for the future expansion, they should take this advantage to make more for its zone of natural expansion usage from the natural sources. Currently, they are building a hotel of themselves which are rated as 4 5 star grades; visitors like foreign visitors do not need to look for other accommodations and can just stay inside the Lost World of Tambuns Hotel which are surrounded by natural source. Besides, they are also upgrading the hot spring spa section. As their future expansion, it could build up a monorail system for the overall accessibility within the theme park itself; visitors are able to travel from the theme park back to the hotel after explorer. Moreover, wide natural resources in their theme park which enable them to have their own cave which creates jungle tracking and cave exploring experience for customers. They should expand more on dry rides in did of only focus in wet rides as there is already a lot of wet rides. This will enable the visitors to have more choices during their explorer and will not feel boring. Brand positioning and marketability of their brand A great theme park which have its own nature and gave us a refreshing feeling when you are living in a hectic lifestyle; a way to expose yourself to the nature. Besides, it is a time for every member in a family to spend their time together and have fun in Lost World of Tambun. This is a way for family bonding to happen. Moreover, we can spend our time with our friends during holiday at there for entertainment and leisure. And of course, it is a good place for a couple to have a great day. What are they famous for? Their natural resources and it located in a historical place in Ipoh with natural thermal water sources. They are also considered as under the umbrella of Sunway Groups which lead them to success because Sunway group had prove themselves in Sunway Lagoon. Steps to improve their sales and profit In order to improve their sales and profit, they should depend on the economy scale which is reduce their cost in order to get more people. Besides, its also depends on how they generate their profit through the existing products. They can also provide more new family packages and teenage packages. Another step to improve their sales and profit is to extend business hour for dry parks and more events should be organize example like beach party. International performances should be invite example like super junior, wonder girls and big bang in order to attract more visitors. And of course, special rates for senior citizen should be apply and toys should be given to kids to show that the management is caring enough even to every single matter. How they can take their business to a global scale Extend their business to global scale, they can deal with the travel and tour regencies for packages and brings the tourism to Lost World of Tambun and let them recognize it and bring back this information back to the country. Moreover, they can have a deal with a country ambassador to promote their theme park in their own country and to attract foreign investment example like an big organization and this will lead them to develop another branch in their country by the help in modal from the organization; targeting hot weather country like india. Besides, it should have a deal with large organization to have a big retreat ( international conference ). And of course, the lost world management should also advertise their theme park through hot websites example like facebook.com, youtube.com, twitter.com and etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Conclusion In any business success, marketing always plays a key part. You have to make a good relationship with your customers. You need to work out how you will reach and win new customers and make sure that they will be happy and remain satisfied of the services you are providing them. You need to always review and keep on improving everything you do to stay ahead of the competition.Although marketing plays an important role, it will not guarantee sales unless by doing it with a laid out plan. A well-researched and logical plan is important to have a better chance of building a long-term profitable relationships. A marketing plan will serve as a reference or your basis to execute a marketing strategy. By laying out plans, it will set out a clear objectives and explains how you will achieve them. You can define your business well if you have a written document that details the necessary actions to achieve your marketing goals. A marketing plan is considered a part of an over all business plan .

Gothic Genre: The Red Room versus The Monkeys Paw Essay -- essays res

The Red Room was written in the late 19th century by H.G Wells. During this time the gothic genre was incredibly popular with every type of person as it was a great form of entertainment due to the fact they didn't have a television or a computer back then. The gothic genre started becoming most popular in 1837 and continuing untill 1901 during the Victorian period, they appeared in magazines as short,cliffhanger ending,eerie stories. The most famous examples of gothic stories are "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelly and "Dracula" by Bram Stoker which most people have heard of. The Red Room is a prime example of a gothic story. It shows typical characteristics that would be included in a story of the gothic genre. Even the title of the book "The Red Room" has a certain darkness about it. "The" makes it sound unique as though there is only one red room which sounds very different to saying "a" red room and by chosing to do this there is a sense of weirdness before the book has even been read. "Red" makes us think of blood, anger and evil. There is also alliteration in the title with the hard sounding "r" . The story starts off with a rainy, gloomy,candle light or fire light setting, very typical opening features of a story written in the gothic genre. H.G Wells describes a fire-lightened room and straight away ghosts and the supernatural are mentioned by the main character, this gets the reader involved straight away where it starts with speech. After this the reader meets the strange characters of the story - the old people.When the narrator meets the old people we see his arrogence towards them as he describes them in a sense that he is actually mocking them and their suspicions to do with the red room. When infact the old people... ...ey have a mind of their own and they are out to get the narrator. The ending of the story tells the reader that there was nothing in the red room, all that time the reader was convinced that there was some sort of ghost or spirit present at the time so because you find this out the tension level goes down. The tension also increases as the old man describes how fear is what he discovered in the red room describing it as "a power of darkness". This spooks the reader. H.G Wells, the author of "The Red Room" has used certain writing techniques in order to create and build up tension in his story. Techniques such as imagery, alliteration, repitition, choice of language and punctuation in order to create a tension build up or decrease. I think the story is a typical one of the gothic genre as it explores each idea of being trapped , darkness and fear very well.

Personal Narrative- Parties :: Personal Narrative Essays

Personal Narrative- Parties Every weekend there is a party somewhere. Whether it is out at the "Momma," the lake, or even at someone's house, it is the "cool place" to be. Last year, I arrived at the Halloween dance not wearing a costume but expecting to have a great time with all of my friends dancing and listening to music. I overheard someone talking about a party that was going to start at Mary's house. Being invited to go with all of my friends, I didn't want to be the wimp of the group, so I decided to go along. I drove away from the dance thinking that I would only stay for a little while at the party. Pulling into the driveway, I instantly knew that this wasn't a good idea. My hands were shaking, and I had goose bumps all over my arms and legs. "What if my parents find out?" I thought. How would I be able to explain being at a party to them? I was supposed to be at the dance. I looked at the trailer and saw people going in and out. Can I still leave? I was going to leave. However, I stepped out of my car and could hear the music playing from someone's system. It was the song "Joker" by the Steve Miller Band. The aroma of the trailer could be smelt outside, and the Jack Daniels was being circulated like popcorn at a baseball game. I looked inside and saw people sitting on a dark pumpkin-colored couch playing cards. They were hanging out in the kitchen. People were going to and from the small 70's size refrigerator popping the tops off of their beers and letting them fall on the floor which was covered in dirt, pieces of broken dry wall, and glass from a broken window. The looks on people's faces were that of sheer fun, they were making fools out of themselves, and, even if they hated it, they weren't going to stop. I found Mary, who was gloating with the thoughts of her fantastic party, and behind her rose a voice that I recognized very well. I looked and saw Tonya staggering down the concrete steps of the trailer. She was laughing hysterically and talking in a loud, uncontrollable voice. Supporting herself on the car next to us, she looked at me through her almost psychotic eyes and started to rummage through her pockets and babble.

Analytical study of the artwork by Anupam Sud Essay

The art of printmaking, as we know it today, is an artistic method appreciated for its unique technical qualities and its immense vocabulary as a specialized field of fine art. Printmaking is the process with which a wide range of materials and diversity of techniques are associated, which offers the artist varied possibilities for experimentation. Anupam Sud was born in 1944 at Hoshiarpur in Punjab. She passed her Diploma in Fine Art from the College of Art, Delhi and an advanced course in printmaking from the Slade School of Art in London on a British Council scholarship. She headed the printmaking department at the Delhi College of Art for several years. She has been a teacher and a mentor to many young artists of today. She is also known for her fine drawings and paintings. Her work breathes a unique freshness- with traces of sculptural contours in some and hints of warmth of oils in others. Though her work features both men and women and often in the nude, her sympathies are fem inist and the oeuvre introspective and somewhat brooding or haunting, concerning itself with common human predicaments of ambiguity and hypocrisy. As an educationist and founding member of the printmakers guild and subsequently the mini prints exhibition that she had curated which toured several Indian cities, she has been able to win for graphics a place within the folds of recognized art forms. Anupam works at her home-studio in village Mandi, isolated by verdure and green fields, several miles away from the churning of Delhi’s streets. When we compare the work of Anupam sud with the great printmaker of the past, like Albert Durer, Daumier, Kathe kollowitz who used print-making for its monochromatic power of statement, Anupam, on the contrary, uses its language of metaphor. Sud’s art consolidates her humanistic leanings over her feminist ones, reflecting upon the nature of humanity in all its forms. She works, one might say, with a social and political consciousness that may not be radical, but affects a subtle intervention by speculation rather than statement. Her deep knowledge of past artistic traditions, of the cultural dynamics that prevail in the Indian context and topical events is the trigger that ignites her imagination. The sweet bitter taste of life that occurs in the wider world of everyday experience engages this artist. The themes of manipulation, the relationship of power to predicament, of powerlessness and temptation, human fallibility and trappings, the masked existence of urban people, the inertia of government structures, are some of the recurrent themes that engage Anupam’s thought process. When encountering Anupam’s work, what strikes one immediately is her ‘sensuality of seeing’. Whether humans or objects, they are represented in their full-bodied corporeality- their skin and flesh, texture and volume captured most effectively by well-delineated contours and in the black and white (light and dark) ambiance of etching. It is her eye, and an acute sense of the ‘optic’ that guides her hand in shaping the physical reality of things. Anupam remains a committed realist, even to the extent of sometimes being photographic. This sense of realism is not reduced to a sterile function of flawless copying, but refined by an intuitive vision of the perceived object in the pictorial construction. The narrative itself is packed with telling details which provide important clues to the social satire, the wit and the clever ridicule infused in the infinite oddities of human situations. Anupam, I think intentionally confounds both the subjective and objective worlds, where the obscure is sighted, the uncanny revealed and the incomprehensible called to account. Sud operates outside the narrow boundaries of ‘art for art’s sake’. The dual nature of reality fascinates her and is seen in her interest in polarized situations. Disqualifying traditional iconography as unsuitable to her expressive goals, she frequently attempts to divest the human form of all cultural markers -caste, creed, clothing and nationality, to represent a universal symbol. Reflecting her own personal nature, her figures dismiss confrontation and direct retaliation. In self-absorption, they are ‘set apart’ from the familiar daily environment to fully allow the effects of emotional and aesthetic experience. Anupam uses humorous ways of representing otherwise serious concerns. Perhaps in view of the disharmony of gender relations, Anupam juxtaposes the fragmented images of female foeticide and highlights an alternate biological choice with erotic forms and men applying lipstick, suggestive of a possible future homosexual world. In the work ‘Dialogue’, one version has two men in communion, characterized more by their gentle touching than speech. While the men are located in an open, public space, the dialogue between two women in another version takes place in a dark, domestic and private space. As it happens in life all the time, there is suspicion also when persons of the same sex become companions. Anupam expects the viewer to read or misread the relationships in multiple ways, validating their power to make meanings. In her work Anupam Sud regularly uses the strategy of literal solidness where object makes the content familiar. Her work ‘Don’t Touch My Halo’ has the overwhelming centrality of a heroic male figure in a ri gid statuesque pose, holding the fruits of his success, and the dancing apsaras with their sensual body rhythms, as glories of his life. In contrast to the powerful handsome exterior (his temporary facade), the skull under the seat is a metaphor for his hidden inner self and hollow structure. . ‘The Shifting Halo’ is antithetical to this, where with the abrupt collapse of power the halo has already shifted from the dead man towards the virility and power of youth. The cold, ice-slab architectural space, the hard rendering of the face, the cropped body and the exact nature of its placement, the strong sense of shadows and silence make for a harsh visualization of the theme. There are other works dosed with concerns for pollution, hazards of industrialization, barrack-like structures, erratic electricity nuisance- all familiar stories, but invested with personal and collective meaning. ‘Dining with the Ego’ holds mystery in spite of a material sumptuousness. A sharp contrast in image is visible, with the man hogging merrily and the woman with an empty plate. The irreconciled situation creates a kind of visual discomfort in spite of the table with its luring spread. Similarly, some of the other works represent a feminine concern, where empathy and a pained compassion pervade the imagery. Women seem to be framed, however obliquely, in a man-centered world of marriage, physical violation and invasive medical techniques. ‘The Ceremony of Unmasking(1990)’ problematizes the predicament of human relationship. There is an ambiguity about the act, whether the woman is being unmasked or masked again. Overpowered by the two men with their terrifying masks, the woman, still uncertain about her feelings flings her hands up in reflexive stance. While central panel introduces the dog as a symbol of loyalty. Locating the work in a mysterious space Anupam secludes the ritual and the characters involved, to live with the secret of the act. ‘Wee Hour’ shows a woman in a crouched position, shaped almost in human shell form that sym bolizes protection, yet she is vulnerable, not guarded from her dreams and latent desires. The incompatibility of the mind and the body is sensitively etched out in many of Anupam’s work. Her recent prints quite regularly feature the intentional visual demarcation of mental and material reality; the body and the accessories are separately juxtaposed with meanings implicit in circumstantial relationships. As an artist and as a person, Anupam is critically discerning, with a self-analytic ego secure in its self doubt. She is a thinking artist who never works with a set pattern but invites fresh challenges and seeks new discoveries with each work. Her print collages, for instance, are abstracted bits from several of her prints that make up a pictorial pseudo script. She enjoys the variety of blacks that emerge as a result of different papers used in her prints. One observes that in a rigorous medium like etching, Anupam has shown courageous preference for large formats. In fact, her zinc plates are getting larger and larger. She explains, â€Å"With drawing, the journ ey of the mind begins and webs stories around the theme that demand space to accommodate the monumental scale of the characters.† Overcoming all repressive barriers, she comfortably etches the male and female body in its stark nakedness. Technically, her attraction for the unbroken line and contour heavily compounds with her perceived human form. While shaping her narratives on the zinc plate, she indulges spiritedly in the aquatint process, often darkening the entire field and then reclaiming the whites in a most painstaking (and challenging) way. Anupam’s final print makes a ‘gradual emergence’ after a sequence of improvisations and remedial measures perceived by the artist while pausing amidst the spaced acts of executing prints. Working with the reverse image and visualizing its ‘positive’ side requires special insight. Also, drawing and scraping need the plate to be positioned flat on the table but at intervals the plate needs to be placed on the board to register distortions and incongruous working. Her hand, that transfers human touch and energy, varying in pressure, forc e and feeling, remains undoubtedly her most important tool of working, fine tuned with her entire being. If we compare the art work of Anupam Sud with her female contemporaries, like Nilima sheikh, Anjelina Ela Menon, Gogi Saroj Pal, her style is uniquely prosaic, even masculine. Her recent work. ‘All Paths Lead to Me’ was done before the passing of her father, as if etching a premonition. There are men standing visibly in memorial stones with the mythological reference to words of Lord Krishna inscribed on the stones. The lower area, a separate plate, depicts a man in (eternal) repose on the wooden cot that carries him on his final journey. Again the contradiction in Anupam, wherein the man in the centre above, though captured in a posture of certainty, expresses uncertainty – not knowing where to go (or perhaps where any of us will go). Her earlier work ‘Of Walls’ is based on recollections of childhood memories – the walls of the ancestral ‘kothi’,(home in Hoshiyarpur, now sold) covered with graffiti, that were so difficult to jump over in childhood and now seem to have shrunk. The faceless presence of time is personified in the woman’s image while the recumbent male figure, legs folded on one another, is reminiscent of the very familiar sight of her grandfather resting. More than anything, it is the mystery of time, its being there and yet not there, this loss of patrimony is most acutely felt by the women of the family who are not a legatee of this former haven of childhood pleasure. ‘In Search of Two Years from the Past through First and Second Class Mail’ is a break from Anupam’s easily recognizable works. These are large colourful silk-screens in the magnified format of a posted envelope while at the Slade. They carry the spontaneous handwritten imprint of names and addresses by many of her teachers and colleagues. The monochrome human images are symbolic of people walking through time, in some subtle way their anatomies distinguish them from one another. To her credit, without adequate infrastructure and an advanced equipped environment for printmaking, an artist like Anupam Sud has made a mark both at the national and the international level. She proudly believes this to be a unique Indian trait – â€Å"†¦to be able to strive so hard with so little in hand.† As printmakers update and go all electronic, Anupam Sud in many ways is an old-fashioned, slow but steady mover who after four decades is passionately continuing to refine her skills at etching. The long tedious hours of physical labour, studio confinement amidst chemicals, machine presses, heavy rollers, metal plates, burners and innumerable tools have become a way of life for her – with no substitute. â€Å"She believes nothing worthy can emerge in the absence of perseverance†. She is firm on her lifetime commitment to printmaking, especially etching. As a single woman who has given her life a purpose, Anupam indulges in art, sourcing it through her contact with life and its innumerable shades. She acknowledges people who influenced her on the way – her parents: her father who loved body building, read detective stories and loved Punjabi theatre; her mother who adored classical music and read the Upanishads; her mentor and teacher, Jagmohan Chopra who reinforced her strengths and determination as an artist; and the presence of Somnath Hore in Delhi, whose work she closely related to. Anupam Suds’ work has been exhibited widely with over a dozen solo shows and many more group exhibitions in various Indian cities and elsewhere including the USA, UK, Italy, Korea and Switzerland. She has won numerous national and international awards for her printmaking and conducted workshops in Canada and Japan. Her work is held in many private and public collections including NGMA Delhi. It was the subject of a major publication and a retrospective organized recently. She lives and works in Delhi.

The Uk Smoking Problem Health And Social Care Essay

The purpose of this authorship is to critically measure and compare and contrast the research schemes, designs and methods, every bit good as their importance used in MILCH, E. Catherine et Al ( 2004 ) . Smoking surcease in primary attention: a clinical effectivity test of two simple intercessions published in Preventive Medicine Vol. 38, pp. 284 – 294 and COLEMAN Tim, CHEATER Francine and MURPHY Elizabeth ( 2004 ) . Qualitative survey look intoing the procedure of giving anti-smoking advice in general pattern published in Patient Education and Counseling, Vol. 52, pp. 159 – 163. At the really beginning of this piece, it should be made clear, that chief focal point is to measure research methodological analysiss and methods applied in this two diary articles, along with their rightness for turn toing the chosen research inquiries. Additionally, attending will be paid to motivation literature and issues of sampling, dependability and cogency. First, a sum-up of the findings of this paper will be provided. Then, the research design of each diary article will be discussed in bend. Finally, decisions will be drawn in order to fulfill the purposes of this paper.ContextThrough the universe smoke presents a public wellness job. In UK, every bit good as in USA smoke is one of the prima causes of decease [ 1 ] and is responsible for highly high wellness attention costs. Although, in both states there are legion anti-smoking bubblies, in USA about one-fourth of grownup Americans smoke [ 2 ] and in UK about the same per centum of grownups declares themselves as tobacco users [ 3 ] . Coleman et al. , every bit good as Milch et Al. suggest that around 70 % of tobacco users see their general practician ( GP ) at least one time a twelvemonth. Numerous surveies ( Ockene 1987, Glynn 1988, Manley, Epps and Glynn 1992 and Silagy and Ketteridge 1999 ) show that tobacco users perceive practicians ‘ advice to discontinue as strong motiv e for surcease. Both surveies stress that, unluckily GP frequently fail to supply their patients with surcease advice either to avoid confrontation with patients or they do non possess a scope of accomplishments for tobacco user surcease guidance. For this grounds Coleman, Cheater and Murphy wrote this paper researching procedure of giving anti-smoking advices in general pattern, one of a few which they based on same informations. Recognizing the importance of systematic protocols for designation of patients who smoke, Milch et al. put up clinical effectivity test to measure effectivity of two simple intercessions ( critical mark cast and smoke appraisal questionnaire ) on smoking surcease in primary attention. Your overall feeling? ? ? ? ? ?SummaryImportance The paper aˆzQualitative survey look intoing the procedure of giving anti-smoking advice in general pattern † posits an interesting connexion between ( 1 ) GP ; ( 2 ) their repertory of techniques for covering with tobacco users who were non motivated to halt and ( 3 ) factors that influence the procedure of giving anti-smoking advices. Previous survey conducted by same writers aˆz Factors act uponing treatment about anti smoke between general practicians and patients who smoke: a qualitative survey † British Journal of General Practitioners 2000 ; Vol. 50, pp. 207 – 210 suggests that GPs normally expect negative reaction from patients to whom they give anti smoke advice. Furthermore, GPs perceive relationship between physician and patient as hapless. For all this grounds, they were less likely to speak about smoke with patients and they carefully choose with which patients to discourse it. The paper aims to derive insight into GP behavior in relation to an ti-smoking guidance and concept hypothesis and recommendations how this procedure could be improved in future. This was at the clip of great importance as new smoking surcease services were adopted in UK that proposed preparation of wellness professionals in anti smoke methods. Therefore, efficient preparation class for GPs should include findings from current clinical pattern. Though, important for lending to GPs pattern, it must be mentioned that old documents of this writers based on the same information and covering with really similar inquiries compromise the originality of this piece of composing. Additionally, figure of premises that sparked off this paper is based on informations produced by the same group of writers which might propose that research worker prejudice exists to some extent. It is ever utile to include other research documents cut downing research worker prejudice KEY FINDINGS This paper is of import because it makes a part to knowledge how GP get down anti smoke treatment, what is content of their messages and what attack GP adopt. Coleman, Cheater and Murphy suggest that GPs take great care how to raise inquiry of smoking. Two ways are predominating ; about half of the GPs interviewed say that they use several different methods to get down conversation and observe patients reaction and other half utilize `humour or â€Å" low key † attacks to bring on the subject in a non-threatening manner` Coleman, Cheater and Murphy ( 2004, p. 161 ) . Additionally, general practicians admitted that they lack equal methods and accomplishments for measuring smokers` motive to discontinue. Body linguistic communication, position and oculus contact were one of really of import motive indexs. If patients stated that they are in the center of quitting or are â€Å" cutting down † on coffin nails they were considered as motivated. The one weakness to halt, desp ite several negotiations with GPs, was considered as unmotivated. Once successfully originating the conversation, general practicians focused on conveying the message about wellness and economic benefits of halting smoke, every bit good as raising consciousness about smoke and contradictory wellness status i.e. high blood pressure or contradictory intervention i.e. preventive pill. More or less three quarters of general practicians said that they prefer utilizing non-confrontational attacks, which they described as â€Å" non-didactic † , â€Å" subdued † , â€Å" encouraging † , over confrontational, â€Å" acquiring across † and â€Å" shouting † attacks. Despite their penchant, around half of GPs admit that they use confrontational attack. Small figure even admitted awful patients ; particularly those who suffer smoking caused unwellnesss. Result Results of this research suggest that general practicians need broader spectrum of schemes and methods for giving anti smoke advices. In add-on to this, two new field of survey demand to be farther explored: usage of confrontation and terrorization as driver for behavior alteration and ways of measuring patients ‘ motive by GPs. Lack of GPs` competencies and methods for giving anti smoke advices suggests that paper has deductions for NHS smoking surcease services, Department of Health in UK in 2004, the twelvemonth it was published. Motivation The motive of writers is clear. Recognizing how important are general practicians in smoking surcease procedure they set out to detect to what extent are GPs are skilled and how developed are their methods for giving anti smoke advices. At the clip being this issue vas really modern-day, as UK authorities proposed preparation in smoking surcease methods and to cognize from where betterments should get down finding current clinical pattern was important. Importance Paper `Smoking surcease in primary attention: a clinical effectivity test of two simple interventions` nowadayss relationship between ( 1 ) critical mark cast, ( 2 ) smoke appraisal questionnaire ( SAQ ) and ( 3 ) their consequence on smoking surcease. As antecedently mentioned, clinicians frequently are unsuccessful in accessing baccy usage or in presenting anti-smoking advices. This leads us to reason that there is demand for practical, clip and cost effectual smoke surcease intercession. Milch et Al. successfully confirm their initial hypothesis that these two uncomplicated intercessions better indentifying tobacco users and prompt anti smoke advices. Greatest strength of this survey lies in the fact that it `was designed to resemble real-world practice` Milch et Al. ( 2004, pp. 293 ) , it requires minimum preparation, no excess clinicians and recommends betterments for GPs` pattern. However, it should non be overlooked that a few initial premises are based on instead old literatu re, such as Ockene, JK. ( 1987 ) , Glynn, TJ. ( 1988 ) , etc. Collis and Hussey ( 2009 ) suggest that a danger exists when a piece is trusting on old informations, because it has small relevancy to modern pattern and that farther usage of this information can be `incidental and opportunistic` . KEY FINDINGS Key findings imply that intercessions used positively affected testing for smoke and did non hold any `dramatic consequence on clinicians supplying surcease advice` Milch et Al. ( 2004, pp. 290 ) . Both intercessions increased rated of anti smoke advices by primary attention practicians ( PCP ) 47 % on the cast group and 52 % on the SAQ group in comparing to 33 % on control group. It is interesting that smoking surcease rate was the highest on the SAQ group – 30 % , than on the cast group – 4 % and control group – 11 % . Why smoking surcease rate was higher than the stamp group rate demands farther geographic expedition. Last but non the least, high section of patients in the intercession squads stated that they reduced the figure of coffin nails, greater than before motive, assurance about halting to smoke, believing of discontinuing and consciousness of wellness hazards. Although, a few initial premises are based on old articles and the research showed that smo king surcease rate was higher in the control group than in the cast group, it must be admitted that this research has deduction to GPs pattern. Result The most important result of Milch et Al. article ( 2004 ) is the verification of hypothesis that two simple intercessions used will better designation of tobacco users and bring on smoking surcease advices. In add-on to this, this research has deduction for general practitioners` pattern as methods analysed here are unsophisticated, easy to larn, clip and cost effectual. Motivation Motivation of writers of this research is really clear. Additionally, it is similar to motive of Coleman, Cheater and Murphy`s. Both research paper reference modern-day issue at that clip – deficiency of methods for testing patients for smoke and developing methods for get downing and presenting anti smoke advices. [ 1 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/tables/health/attrdeaths/index.htmlH: obacco2.gif [ 4 ] Ockene JK. Physician-delivered intercessions for smoking surcease ; schemes for increasing effectivity. Preventive Medicine 1987 ; 16 723 – 737 [ 5 ] Manley, MW Epps RP, Glynn TJ The clinicians function in advancing smoking surcease among clinic patients. Med Clin Nort America 1992 76 477-494 [ 6 ] Glynn, TJ Relative effectivity of doctor initiated smoking surcease plan Cancer Bulletin 1988 40 359 – 364 [ 7 ] Silagy C. Ketteridge S. physician advice for smoking surcease ( Cochrane Review ) . The Cochrane Library, Issue I Oxford: Update Software 1999 Bryman, Alan ( 2008 ) . Social Research Methods. 3rd ed. , Oxford University Press Collis, Jill and Hussey, Roger ( 2009 ) . Business Research, A Practical Guide for undergraduate and postgraduate pupils. 3rd ed. , Palgrave Macmillan

Discuss Pinters dramatic presentation of Ruth in The Homecoming

Surrealistically representing the pugilistic life of a pack of ‘Hackney predators', Pinter portrays the mounting conflict within the tribe as each male fights for the Alfa position, with the reward of the lone female, Ruth. Embroidered with elaborately hidden meanings, pregnant pauses and ellipses, this play strips the characters of the outside shell of etiquette and politesse associated with society and left with only language as an attempt to cover the nakedness of their animalistic cores. These characteristics are recognized through the ‘Pinteresque' themes of nameless menace, erotic fantasy, obsession and jealousy, family hatred, and mental disturbance. The plot follows the course of Teddy returning home with his wife, Ruth, and her journey in to ‘take on' the pack and eventually take over the role of Queen Bee. During the course of the drama, she exacts her revenge on Teddy in leaving him for his family of sexually screwed up ‘butchers'. Teddy and Ruth's arrival from America is symbolically representative of Teddy's homecoming after nine years away. He returns married with a ‘Doctorship of Philosophy' and supposedly father of three sons, although later questioned by Max, ‘all yours, Ted?', suggesting Ruth is, as ever, unfaithful and a prostitute. ‘Are you tired?' this passage opens with the estranged couple struggling to find coherence with the blatant discord, ‘No'. Ruth's replies are cold, quasi-monosyllabic and detached, perhaps in an attempt to undermine Teddy's ascension to authority as he blatantly refuses to listen and orders her around: ‘Go to bed. I'll show you the room' shows the reader that ultimately, Ruth's opinions are irrelevant as the subordinate member in a marriage. Like Joey is to Lenny, Teddy sees Ruth as merely an appendage, thus his patronizing condescendence, ‘You can help me with my lectures when we get back'. Teddy's long speeches reveal him as nervous despite his seeming attempts to reassure Ruth : ‘You'll be perfectly all right up there without me.' He uses excessive language to cover his vulnerability in face of the confident and controlling Ruth, whose short, sharp syntax displays her self-assured disposition. Similarly, Max and Lenny, who appear to feel her authority also go off into long, pre-rehearsed monologues, for example Lenny's encounter with ‘a certain lady' ‘with a certain proposal' ‘one night, not too long ago'. Ruth's presence evokes ambiguous emotions within Teddy's family: alternately revered and rebuked, she is perceived as both the absent mother-figure (Jessie) : ‘make the beds', ‘do the cooking', ‘scrub the place out a bit', ‘keep everyone company', and as a sexual object ‘in a dress in pale corded blue silk, heavily encrusted in pearls' and ‘pantaloons in lilac flowered taffeta'. Significantly mentioning the structure of the house, Pinter reminds the reader and the audience of the boneless, spineless family, now that Jessie, ‘the backbone' has died. Teddy, who wants to ‘stay up for a bit' and ‘walk about', provokes sub-textual connotations of the returning male reassuming his dominance as eldest son and marking his territory. However, giving Ruth the house key, having his cigar go out and going to bed prior to Ruth culminates into his eventual emasculation and loss of power among his brothers. Subtextually, Teddy's ‘You†¦need some rest, you know' is ambivalent in expressing Ruth's mental instability, or that Teddy is sending her away for doing something he doesn't approve of. The audience might relate this with ‘she's a very popular woman, she's got lots of friends', once again suggests Ruth's involvement with prostitution as a ‘photographic model for the body'. Stifled in her relationship with a British academic, Ruth's, ‘I think I'll have a breath of air' and ‘just a stroll' suggests she's out and about and ‘on the Game' even before Max and Lenny agree to sponsor her. Quintessentially, Ruth's confrontation with Lenny opens her ascension to power. If language is an attempt to cover nakedness, Ruth's short, direct syntax show her to be in a position of power over Lenny. Not dissimilar to courting males in the animal kingdom trying to hide their vulnerabilities from the females with bright colours or confrontational battles, Max and Lenny use long and decorously embroidered renditions of what have happened previously to appear intelligent and dominating. And yet, Lenny still seeks his absent mother, ‘Do you mind if I hold your hand?'. Psychoanalytically, Pinter portrays the mental decay of his characters as Lenny oscillates between the maternal craving and desire to punish women with ‘a belt in the nose and a couple of turns of the boot.' He expresses his assumed dominance in stating ‘I decided she was', referring to the irrelevance of whether or not the prostitute was diseased, but rather that his word_as a pimp and ‘escort'_is law. Even so, Ruth overrides his authority, threatening, ‘if you take the glass, I'll take you'. Proposals such as ‘sit on my lap' and ‘lie on the floor' have significantly provocative innuendoes, versus the maternal figure naming Lenny, ‘Leonard'. Pinter's intricate depiction of Ruth is her reminiscent, contemplative nature. She cunningly employs frequent ellipses ‘†¦' as a time of careful planning to put the angle of vision on her in a positive light. ‘I†¦move my leg', ‘I wear†¦underwear†¦which moves with me†¦it†¦captures your attention'. Employing this teasing, provocative language register, Ruth enacts a wordy striptease, seducing the men around her and putting herself in the spotlight. She describes America as ‘all rock. And sand', portentous of the ‘arid scimitar' in To the Lighthouse, while the ‘insects' metaphorically refers to her popularity amongst her ‘friends'. ‘once or twice †¦ cold buffet' insinuates Ruth is a high-class prostitute. Contrastingly with Max's diction, Ruth's language register is not full of expletives but rather strategically thought out. She applies legal diction to decide the conditions of her contract with Teddy's family: ‘All aspects of the agreement and conditions of employment would have to be clarified to our mutual satisfaction before we finalized to contract', showing she is able to take care of herself as an individual and will not let the ‘butchers' exploit her. This independence helps her stand out even more prominently than Teddy in all his aloofness, as she rises to position of Queen and orders Lenny , ‘I'd like something to eat', ‘I'd like a drink'. In noting how Lenny does not reject the subordinate role to Ruth, the reader might suspect he enjoys being told what to do by a woman and thus deduce that Pinter's own fantasies play a significant part in the play. He models Ruth on his wife, Vivien, embodying her as both saint and sinner, contrasting maternal and temptress. Biblically, Ruth, symbolic of ‘pity' but also a Moabite widow who left her own people to live with her mother-in-law Naomi. All assets of femininity are sewn into one character, exposing her to the male's sex drive and simultaneous desire for a mother presence. Ultimately, Pinter's presentation of Ruth significantly exposes her as the model female, simultaneously dominate and subordinate, maternal and temptress. Through his pack of Hackney predators, he depicts her as a tool for sexual enjoyment but the eventual Queen Bee with Joey ‘kneeling at her chair' in the final, still-life portrait.