Colonialism has plagued indigenous people worldwide and...

Colonialism has plagued indigenous people worldwide and has spelled disaster for countless cultures, languages, and traditions. Over the past 500 years there have been different phases of colonization in Africa as well as other various parts of earth. There were many reasons behind exploration and colonization including economic and tactical reasons, religion, and prestige. Colonialism has shaped the contemporary understanding of individuals from Niger as well as other parts of Africa and other places too, like the Chambri and Tlingit people; mainly in economics. Because of the colonial past of so many cultures, numerous indigenous people today face many issues. Today colonialism is still active, known as Neocolonialism, which has†¦show more content†¦All three places experienced radical changes in economy due to colonialism. In Africa, colonialism has formed the modern understanding of politics. However, Africa faces related economic challenges, many African countries strug gle with hunger and debt; some of these problems stem from colonialism. In Papua New Guinea, colonialism has reformed the modern perception of some ceremonial practices due to changes in the economy primarily brought on by colonialism. In addition, indigenous people of Alaska experience perplexing alterations in economy and the environment; due to gold and oil rich lands in the Yukon. In addition, due to the colonial past of so many cultures, several indigenous people today face many issues that seem to never be properly addressed and create a domino effect. These issues include a wide range of health problems, poverty, confusion with self-identity and spiritual beliefs. Excellent examples of these issues are found within the various Native Nations of North America. Beginning with health problems in Native Americans in the US, according to the Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development, persistent issues with diabetes, drug and alcohol addiction, obesity, hypertension, cancer, and mental health are among the highest rates in the United States. Issues with self-identity,

Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia Disorders in Pregnant Women

Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia Disorders In Pregnant Women Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are disorders in pregnant women. Pre- eclampsia is hypertension and eclampsia is the worsening of pre-eclampsia where the woman experiences convulsions or goes into a coma. The complication of eclampsia in a pregnant woman can put her and her unborn child at risk. A risk that may be fatal. This is only to briefly define the disorders. Furthermore, I predict that women who have suffered from eclampsia do need future medical help due to the permanent damage caused in the physiological make up of the body. I will prove this by means of statistics, nationwide studies, and explaining the damage to the body. To give a complete definition of eclampsia we†¦show more content†¦Where the speed of the fluid is lower the pressure is higher; where the speed of the fluid is higher the pressure is lower. Kinetic energy plays a role; where the speed of the fluid increases and so does its kinetic energy. Many women dont realize that pre-eclampsia can also be gin during labor or after deliver (one third of pre-eclampsia is manifested before labor, one third of cases occur during and another one third take place during deliver). After hearing the physiological theories behind high blood pressure, we get into the symptoms. For pre-eclampsia the symptoms are high blood pressure or swelling with rapid of weight gain, headaches, nervousness, intermittent blurred vision and undue fatigue. These are reasons why blood pressure and weight and a urinalysis are performed at each prenatal visit is to make sure pre-eclampsia is not developing. Many of the symptoms are normal during pregnancy. The real tests are blood pressure and the absence or presence of protein in the urine. In eclampsia its more severe; from convulsions to coma. There is blindness, brain hemorrhaging, renal failure, hypertension and arrhythmia; the damages are permanent that leave the mother having to change her life style after the delivery of her child. As with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia can affect every organ and body system, causing either permanent damage or death of theShow MoreRelatedHigh Blood Pressure Among Pregnant Women959 Words    |  4 Pagesamong pregnant women is a common occurrence, especially during the second and third trimester. Hypertension is a result of high blood pressure and can cause increased cardiac output and blood volume. In pregnant women, this is called pregnancy-induced hypertension. Hypertension along with proteinuria, protein excretion in urine, is known as pre-eclampsia. If left untreated, pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia. Fetal and maternal mortality, cerebral palsy, and morbidity risks increase with pre-eclampsiaRead MoreThe Causes and Prevelence of Obstetrical Emergencies 1185 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION â€Å"Maternal health is nation’s wealth. There is chance for the welfare of the world only when the condition of women improves. It is not possible for a bird to fly on only one wing.† -Swamy Vivekananda Obstetrical emergencies are the life threatening medical conditions that occur during pregnancy or after labor and delivery. Many illnesses and disorders of pregnancy can threaten the well-being of both the mother and the child.1 Preventive/ effective management of obstetric emergenciesRead MoreThe Rising Rate Of Obesity2010 Words   |  9 Pages(Dudley, 2009). Approximately 35% of pregnant women in Australia are overweight or obese which is a significant problem in midwifery and obstetric practice (Dodd et al. 2010). Being obese in pregnancy greatly increases the risk of the woman developing pregnancy induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus as well as increased chances of having an induction of labour, caesarean section birth and still birth (Dodd et al. 2010). Babies born to women who are obese may be macrosomicRead MoreEffects Of Pregnancy On Women And Babies1805 Words   |  8 Pagesthreaten the successful journey to motherhood resulting in devastating consequences for women and babies (Lunau, 2014). Pre-eclampsia is the focus of this essay, a high risk condition experienced by a woman under my care. Her medical treatment will be contrasted with evidence-based informati on found in the reviewed literature. Risk assessment definition will be critiqued along with impact of this term on pregnant women. I will reflect on the care I provided and strategies that can enhance more sensibleRead MoreDeath Of An Infant After Twenty Weeks Of Gestation ( Hayley Willacy )1762 Words   |  8 Pagesinfant dies during the process of labor. There are many causes for an infant to end up being stillborn. There is pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, birth trauma, placental insufficiency, placental previa, umbilical cord prolapse, intrapartum asphyxia, gestational diabetes, hemorrhage during pregnancy/labor, and placental abruption (Hayley Willacy). Pre-eclampsia is a condition that only pregnant women develop. It is when the placenta doesn’t work in the way it should. In the womb, an infant survives because ofRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Strokes Among Women2725 Words   |  11 Pages Abstract The prevalence of strokes in young women in the United States population is steadily increasing.1 Stroke constitutes a serious health care concern in women because it is the primary cause of incapacity and often times are misdiagnosed leading to death.1,7 Research initiated by these incidences has found several variants of risk and symptoms that predispose young women to stroke. Comorbidities linked to stroke include obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure; however, medicine is neverRead MoreNursing Management of a Complex Multi-System Disorder Essay2029 Words   |  9 Pagesday. One of those, known as preeclampsia, affects women who are pregnant. Because this disease can lead to death if not treated, nurses play a pivotal role in assessing, managing, and educating women with this disease. Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder; however, the actual cause of the disease is unknown. Because this condition begins at conception, it is believed that the placenta plays an important role in causing preeclampsia. In women without preeclampsia, the spiral arteries in theRead MoreEssay on Women Have the Right to Abortion1833 Words   |  8 Pagesthe choice to decide what should or shouldn’t be done to a woman’s body. Activists also point to cases- such as an abnormal pregnancy or dangers that could incur if the pregnancy was forced to proceed- that support the health and wellbeing of the pregnant woman (Reasons Offered for Abortion). Advocates also express examples like an abandoned partner or strives to gain equality in the workplace as other reasons for abortion (Reasons Offered for Abortion). Many opinions throughout the county createRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes Mellitus ( Dm )898 Words   |  4 Pages Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting in hyperglycemia (high blood glucose level), and its characteristic signs and symptoms are polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria. In most cases, the contributory factors include pancreatic disorder or destruction of the beta cells of the Langerhans affecting insulin production. However, globally 592 million people are expected to be diagnosed with DM by 2035 which is about 53% increase (Bone, 2015). Actually, the four different types of DMRead MoreThe Importance Of Obesity In America1203 Words   |  5 Pagesinspection. The health of a pregnant women, prior to and during the pregnancy can be a factor affects obesity in our country. Cost, linking to poverty and costs of food, makes it harder to buy and afford healthy food. And, finally, time constraints for working adults. And so watching what we eat, lowering healthy food costs and learning to better manage our lives will eventually lead to healthier food choices. It is only common knowledge that what goes into a pregnant woman can, generally, affect

Normal Health Parameters And Effective Communication - Samples

Questions: Q1. Normal health parameters. Provide a brief outline of what is required in a primary health assessment and outline the health parameters (Blood Pressure, Temperature, Respirations, Pulse rate) of an adult (aged 30- 40) for that age group? Q2. Describe the differences in normal health parameters (Blood Pressure, Temperature, Respirations, Pulse rate) for- 1) the older adult (aged 72 as in the video provided); and 2) the child aged 6-10? Q3. Using the Effective Communication Techniques on p.19 - 26 in the prescribed text (Estes et al., 2016), identify which effective communication techniques were utilised in the video, and using additional literature to support your points explain how these techniques were effective? Answers: 1. Primary health assessment is the initial care plan that is focused on the need of the patient in a skilled healthcare facility (Riley 2015, p.53). This is generally done by observing the patients vital signs and symptoms (Crisp et al. 2017, p.47). The parameters that are generally checked in this procedure are Blood pressure which determines the pressure of blood in the circulatory cavity, it is about 12/80nnHg for normal adults of 25-40 age group. The next vital sign is checking body temperature which is normal at 37C, for adults. Deterioration in health affects the temperature which can be addresses or further investigated. Respiratory rate is another vital sign that may indicate trouble in cardiac output of the heart. The normal range is 12-20 breaths per minute (bpm); any alteration indicates that the heart is malfunctioning. In the provided video the nurse addresses all the aspects as soon as she establishes a communication with the patient. The attendant checked for airway b lockages, circulation output, disability and expose as well. It is important to establish a two way communication effectively between the patient and thenursing staff. This can be done by being patient polite and attentive to the patients needs. The nurse also thoroughly went through the patients medical history and correlated with the information provided by the previous handover nurse, which is a good sign of effective clinical practice. 2. The vital symptoms or health parameters of patients differ from each other because, these parameters are affected by gender, age environmental factors et cetra. According to survey document provided by The American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) in 2011, the average BP for patients aged 60-79 is 140-90nnHg (Aronow et al., 2015 p.2). The video provided is 72 and is seen to have 120/70mmHg BP, which is lower than normal which could be due to the fact that the patient has ischemic heart disease. In children, 6-10, the BP is 109-117mmHg for boys and 108-114nnHg for girls (Fleming et al., 2011, p.2). Body temperature is universally same for children as well elderly patients, as it the biological temperature in which any living animal grows. The patient in the video showed no signs of elevated temperature. Normal respiratory rates for elderly patients ranged from 12 to18 bpm for those without illness and16 to 25 bpmfor those receiving long term-care (OHarta igh et al., 2015, p.18). A respiratory rate of20 or more bpm, like case of the video,indicates that the patient has tachypnea and needs hospital care. The allowed pulse rate for elderly patient ranges from 60-100 bpm universally and for children is 75-115 bpm. 3. Effective communication is very important to maintain patient engagement and perform with good clinical practice (Riley 2015, p.231). It is the nurses duty to engage the patient in effective communication and make them feel comfortable, a good way to do this by practising an interview based communication. Certain factors influence patient interview, like, approach by which a nurse is reaching out to the patient. This communication needs to polite, clear and simple, which the nurse seems to be following in the video. Another factor is environment, which makes the patient feel comfortable to share his/her experience, problem et cetra, the patient appears to be comfortable in the hospital setting and the nurse has good listening skills which reassures the patient (Estes et al., 2016, p.22). Care has to be taken when dealing with children and elderly as they require more attention. Keeping the confidence of a patient is very important to establish trust and engage the patient in clini cal trials. Many laws and guidelines have been regulated to control privacy of an individual in a healthcare setting. It is important to takes notes during a clinical assessment to reflect later and provide useful information to the nest handover nurse, which the nurse seems to be writing down the vital sign reports after her check-up (Estes et al., 2016, p.22). The nurse seems to be patient and takes ample time to complete her check-up, which is very important in health care settings as, rushed or hurried decision can cause clinical errors. The nurse should have no bias or preconceived notions regarding the patient, or their condition. References: Aronow, W. S. (2015). Blood pressure goals and targets in the elderly.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine,17(7), 33. Crisp et al., (2017). Potter and Perrys Fundamentals of Nursing, Australian and New Zealand Edition (5e). Elsevier, Chatswood. Estes et al., (2016). Health Assessment and Physical Examination. Australian and New Zealand 2nd Edition. Cengage Learning Fleming, S., Thompson, M., Stevens, R., Heneghan, C., Plddemann, A., Maconochie, I., ... Mant, D. (2011). Normal ranges of heart rate and respiratory rate in children from birth to 18 years of age: a systematic review of observational studies.The Lancet,377(9770), 1011-1018. OHartaigh, B., Pahor, M., Buford, T. W., Dodson, J. A., Forman, D. E., Gill, T. M. (2014). Physical activity and resting pulse rate in older adults: Findings from a randomized controlled trial.American heart journal,168(4), 597-604. Riley, J. B. (2015). Communication in nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences.

My favourite hobby free essay sample

A hobby can be almost anything a person like to do in his spare time. Because the Idle Mind is Devils workshop therefore those who have developed a hobby never need to worry about what to do with their newly founded leisure hours. Every person in the world has a hobby of his own. There are many kinds of hobbles such as gardening, stamp collecting, hiking, coin collecting, photography, listening to music and so forth. Girls to pursue some hobbles. Their hobbles dffer from those of the boys. Girls mostly like hobbles such as cooking, stitching dresses, painting and listening to music. Among all the hobbles mentioned above I Ilke palntlng. It Is a subtle hobby. Whenever I get time I sit down with my paint box, canvas, brushes and paint beautiful landscape. My hobby does not Infringe on the rights of other people. It Is not a noisy hobby like music. We will write a custom essay sample on My favourite hobby or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I can also earn money by selling my paintings to lover of fine arts. My hobby fills my heart with joy and colours and there it is my favourite hobby. Everybody has different hobbies that they like to do for fun or just to relax. There are many kind of activities like badminton, basketball, swimming, or baseball. It all depends on each personality. For me, basketball is my favorite hobby because its part of my life and I can not live without it. Since I was a little girl, I started to play basketball in the school team and also with my friends in the neighborhood. My mother told me that I liked kicking the ball around and had so much fun with it when I was only about two years old. Since then, playing basketball is my favorite sport and it is my hobby whenever I have free time. Playing basketball also helps me to relax and be confident when I have stress and rustration. For example, after doing my homework or when I come home from school, I play a little bit with my friends outside of my house or we go to the park, if the weather is nice. Few years ago, there was an inter-school competition. Our team members practised everyday after school for 3 hours from seven till nine Oclock and we slowly got better. During the first round of the competition, we tried our best and worked together, but we were still behind, so we discussed how we should cope with the opponent. Finally, through our tactic, we got the first place. We were pleased of how we worked It out well to win a cup and medal. Whenever I play basketball, I feel healthy and stronger. Besides, I meet new friends from the neighbor. I not only Ilke playing basketball, but I also enjoy watching basketball on television. When I go to the beach, my family and friends would get together to play and we have a lot of fun. Also, during weekends, I would call up my friends to play basketball with me. After the intense games, we would go to the teashop nearby to relax and grab some cold drinks to cool us down from the games

NHL

NHL I English **************************************************************** Thank you for purchasing EA Sports NHL 2002. This README file contains information on features not covered in the manual, as well as more detailed information on certain features already covered in the manual. The README file also contains information on performance issues, multiplayer issues, 3D Acceleration issues, and hardware issues.ATI Rage 128 logo################################################################ 1) Performance Issues and Troubleshooting a) 3D Accelerators b) Improving Gameplay Performance c) Improving Graphic Details d) Memory e) Sound Card f) CD-ROM g) Joystick h) Modem i) Network j) Internet 2) Importing your face 3) Custom Teams/Import Logo 4) Importing Music 5) Career Mode 6) Coaching Pressure 7) AI Options 8) Saving and Loading Settings 9) Game Controls 10) EA.com Update 11) EA.com Matchmaker 12) Screenshots 13) Stat Abbreviations 14) Operating Systems ############################### ################################# ================================================================ 1) Performance Issues and Troubleshooting ================================================================ a) 3D Accelerators *3D SETUP PROGRAM* 3D Setup is the utility that lets you choose which 3D card you want to use with NHL 2002. NHL 2002 supports most newer 3D accelerators. You must have a supported 3D accelerator to run NHL 2002.3D Setup is automatically run in the background when you first install NHL 2002. It will choose the best 3D accelerator on your system to run with NHL 2002.If you want to change the 3D accelerator used with NHL 2002, or if you install a new 3D accelerator, run 3DSetup located in the Start Menu under EA SPORTS NHL 2002.*Note:Voodoo cards using a resolution greater than 800x600 have troubles running the game. Please make sure your resolution is set at 480x640.ATI Rage Pro It would appear that there is some sort of incompatibility issue when running our game with Windows ME and a Rage Pro that causes excessive...

These Are the 5 Worst Problems with College Boards AP Program

These Are the 5 Worst Problems with College Board's AP Program SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We’ve talked a lot about the AP Program in the past – why you would take AP classes, how many you should take, and how AP compares to the IB program. But what are some of the major problems with the AP program?In this guide, we'll go over the top five worst problems that the College Board and the AP program are dealing with. We will also explain how you can avoid these problems and get the most out of your AP courses. The Top 5 Problems With Advanced Placement As a brief disclaimer, we don't expect the Advanced Placement program to be perfect, and there are many benefits to taking AP classes, as we've covered in the past. That said, by covering some of the weaknesses of the AP program, we hope to help students make more informed decisions about their schedules, especially in the midst of today's intense college admissions environment. Problem 1: More Tests Taken = More Failed Tests The AP Program is growing too fast for all the new programs to be supported, especially at low-income schools, leading to more failed tests than anything else. As we’ve discussed in the past, the ultimate goal of taking an AP class is to pass the AP test at the end of the year – if you don’t, you’ve basically wasted the $92 you spent on the exam. So it’s a problem if most of the AP growth in recent years comes from failed exams. College Board often celebrates the results of the fast-growing AP Program – nearly 5 million tests were taken in 2017, for example. However, the flip side to this is that with new AP classes and programs come growing pains, especially in schools that don’t have a lot of funding for new AP programs. It takes a few years for a class to really settle in at a high school, and for a teacher to get used to the AP curriculum. It can take a few years for a teacher to master a curriculum. This takes even longer in low-income schools – explaining why a lot of the growth has come in the form of failed AP tests (you can see how the average test score has fallen over time here). A report from Inside Higher Ed looks at this phenomenon: â€Å"The data also show, however, a more than doubling in the number of AP examinees who only achieve test scores of less than 3 on the exam. (Typically a score of three is the minimum required for college credit, and critics of the program have said that increases in the number of sub-3 scores suggest many students may not be gaining from the courses, a contention disputed by the College Board.) These figures grew from 182,429 to 395,925 during the last decade. Likewise, the number of AP exams with scores of less than 3 also more than doubled, from 521,620 to 1,345,988. The data also show significant gaps in participation rates and success rates (scores of 3 and higher) on the AP exams, by racial and ethnic group. White and Asian students are more likely to participate and to get good scores. Black students are much less likely to do so.† In other words, people are questioning how good the expansion of the AP program actually is if it just means more students are failing AP exams every year. There have been concerns for years among teachers about the program growing too fast, and schools being too lax about which students get to take AP. A 2009 survey of 1,000 AP teachers found that "more than half are concerned that the program’s effectiveness is being threatened as districts loosen restrictions on who can take such rigorous courses and as students flock to them to polish their rà ©sumà ©s." In short, there are thousands of students winding up with failed AP tests each year – which is no good for them or their schools. You could argue that the experience of taking an AP class helps students prepare for college, but the fact remains that rapid expansion is not leading to the best outcomes for many students. Problem 2: Too Much Material, Too Little Time Even though many courses have been revamped, AP still tends to be seen as a shallow, memorization-based program, in comparison to IB and home-grown curriculums at other schools. In one blistering critique of AP classes in The Atlantic, a former teacher writes: "the AP program leads to rigid stultification." He complains that by requiring so much material, AP classes lose depth and the opportunity for meaningful learning. Another study, reported in KQED, finds that â€Å"AP courses don’t always teach critical thinking skills or allow students to explore topics more deeply. Instead, they often turn into a race to cover a wide expanse of information, some say.† Okay, this is a slight exaggeration, but you would be surprised at the size of some AP textbooks. This is especially true in contrast to IB, which explicitly focuses on developing critical thinking and writing skills. By requiring students seeking an IB diploma to write an extended research essay, take a class about theories of knowledge, and including more writing on the exams, the IB program emphasizes critical thinking, research, and writing in the way AP classes simply don’t have time for. Even in places where the AP program has revamped classes, like biology, concerns remain. A Washington Post article notes: â€Å"The new curriculum will encourage more work in science labs and less parroting back of formulas, more work on historical thinking and less memorization of historical minutiae. That all sounds pretty good. But it will do little to improve teaching and learning, especially at schools with low-levels of instructional and administrative capacity.Merely asking teachers to spend less time drilling and more time promoting inquiry, in other words, does not make them able to do so, nor does it prepare their students to succeed in such classes.† A New York Times article further explains why it can be hard for teachers to switch over from drilling to experiments and critical inquiry: â€Å"While Ms. Vangos believes the program could inspire students who â€Å"like to think outside the box,† she worries that the new math requirements will discourage others. And with so many cutbacks these days in education budgets, she says, the need to improve lab facilities at many public schools 'is absolutely going to pose a big problem.' Labs in resource-strapped urban schools often don’t have enough of even basic tools, like dissecting microscopes, for their students.† In short, it’s hard to balance the fact that AP courses tend to pack in tons of material with a desire to emphasize critical thinking and accessibility. Especially in schools without many resources. At the end of the day, if you’re in an AP course, you’ll likely find yourself spending more time drilling definitions with flashcards than, say, conducting experiments or reading novels. The new AP Capstone program does attempt to rectify some of these issues. Read more about it here. Problem 3: You Won't Always Get the College Credit You're Expecting The AP Program might not lead to the college credit you want for two reasons. First, AP classes often aren’t always as rigorous as their actual college equivalents, and some colleges are getting stingy about granting AP credit. Again in The Atlantic, the former teacher argues AP classes aren’t actually equivalent to college-level courses: â€Å"Before teaching in a high school, I taught for almost 25 years at the college level, and almost every one of those years my responsibilities included some equivalent of an introductory American government course. The high-school AP course didn't begin to hold a candle to any of my college courses. My colleagues said the same was true in their subjects.† Additionally, in college, your AP course doesn’t always grant you credit. Sometimes it just gets you out of your department's intro courses – which you might want to take anyway to get a more solid understanding of the material. It can be hard to replicate the college experience in a high school classroom. It’s important to note that many schools – particularly large public universities – will give you credit for AP, especially for gen-ed courses. To look at an example of a public university, at the University of Utah (my local state school) you can get tons of AP credit, enough to knock out your general education requirements in high school. However, many private colleges, especially top-tier ones, are shying away from granting AP credit. For some schools, credit policies are drawn on departmental lines. Math and science AP courses get credit more often than History or English. To look at one example of a top-tier school, Princeton, you can get into harder history courses with excellent AP US or World History scores, but you won’t get credit for your high scores. Meanwhile, at Dartmouth, AP courses will no longer be used to grant any credit at all, though they will get students into higher-level classes. I can also speak to AP credit not panning out. Even though I took nine AP classes, and got seven 5’s and two 4’s, none of them got me class credit at Stanford, since Stanford mostly accepts AP credit from math, science, and language classes. However, those AP classes did a lot to help me prepare for Stanford classes – in fact most of my college study skills came from AP classes. In short, if you’re taking AP classes, you should get used to the fact that even though the classes will help prepare you for college, they might not get you credit once you get there. Problem 4: Students Are Overloading Another problem with AP isn’t so much due to the program itself, but how students (and parents!) react to it. Across the country, students are overloading themselves, thinking that taking ten AP classes is the ticket to a selective school. This leads to stressed-out, burned-out students. Plus, taking AP classes doesn’t even guarantee admission into schools like Harvard and Stanford. Some educators describe AP courses as kind of an â€Å"arms race,† where as certain students take more AP classes, others feel pressured to load up with more to compete. Local newspapers have run lots of articles over the last five years about students feeling the need to overload on AP classes. When students overload, they’re much more likely to get overwhelmed by the work and get lower scores on the exams. It also adds to the enormous amounts of stress associated with today’s college admission process. Problem 5: It Can Exacerbate Education Inequality While AP has often been touted as an equalizing force in education, it tends to just perpetuate unequal outcomes. Well-prepared and well-funded students do well on AP tests, and students from less wealthy schools do worse, so the AP program often reinforces education inequality. College Board often touts AP’s expansion into various public and low-income schools as a victory for education. The truth is that low-income schools often struggle to successfully implement AP programs and get students to pass the exams. So what ends up happening is that, similar to the SAT/ACT, the tests simply reinforce the status quo: students at well-funded schools do well, students at less well-funded schools struggle. Plus, the bigger the program gets, the less power it has to set students apart. Inside Higher Edexplores this phenomenon: â€Å"Consequently, their efforts, while well-intended, never address the underlying problems that affect school quality and educational equity †¦.the expansion of the AP Program failed to promote real parity between the educational haves and have-nots. Because once the AP Program reached a critical mass, it lost its functionality as a mark of distinction. Soon, scores of colleges and universities (Dartmouth being the latest) revised their policies around awarding credit for AP coursework or favoring it in admissions reviews. And ultimately, elite suburban and private schools began to drop the program, calling it outdated, overly-restrictive, and too oriented toward multiple choice tests. Thus, while students at Garfield High in East Los Angeles were for a short time doing the same work as students at Andover, the aim of equity proved a noble and elusive dream.† In short, the AP program isn’t living up to its promise of leveling the education playing field in the US. It’s even having the strange effect of causing certain private schools to drop AP and create their own advanced courses – making AP seem less special in the college admissions process. I’m not saying it’s the AP program’s responsibility to fix educational inequality in the US – education inequality is an enormous problem. It will take much more than just one program to fix it. That said, I think it’s important to evaluate how successful programs actually are in trying to fix the problem – especially if they claim to be part of the solution. So Should You Take AP Classes? Given these problems, should you totally give up on AP? After reading through all of those issues you may be having second thoughts. Not necessarily. I still think the AP program can be a great fit for many students. These are the steps you should take to make sure you get the most out of the program, despite its flaws. #1: Take the Hardest Classes at Your School We’ve looked at problems the AP has nationally, but the reality is you still need to take the hardest classes at your school if you’re looking to get into top colleges. That means you should still take AP classes if your school offers them and you're hoping for a top school but do not overload on them. Meet with your guidance counselor to talk about putting together a challenging mix of your school’s classes that doesn’t overload on AP – especially if your school’s AP program isn’t stellar. (Ask your guidance counselor about the pass rates your AP teachers achieve on the exams, and how often they notice students switching out of AP classes, to get a sense of how good the program is at your school.) If you’re aiming for top schools, your goal is to have a transcript that your counselor will report as â€Å"most rigorous† on the Common App guidance counselor report. If your school has AP, this means that, in most cases, you’ll need to take AP classes. But it doesn't mean you have to take every single AP course your school offers. If you overload, you risk stretching yourself too thin. It’s better to pass two AP tests than to fail four! Also make sure that for any AP class you take, you have solid pre-requisite courses under your belt. (For example, don't take AP Biology without having taken an introductory biology class first.) #2: Match Your AP Courses to Your Goals Do you want to get into a top-tier school? Or are you more interested in skipping general ed requirements at your state school and graduating college early? Your answers to these questions can help you decide which AP classes are worth your effort, and which ones aren’t. If you know what your goals are, you can create a smart AP program for you. For example, if you’re trying to avoid general education classes at your local state school, look up which AP courses fulfill these requirements at your state school, and focus on doing well in those. To take just one example, this may mean choosing to take AP Calculus over AP Art History if you’re looking to complete your college math credit in high school – even if you love art! If you’re aiming for a top school, look at AP courses that allow you to explore your interests and show your academic strengths. To continue our example, this may mean taking AP Art History instead of AP Calculus to demonstrate your interest in the fine arts and humanities. #3: Avoid Common Pitfalls First of all, don’t load up on APs just to have AP classes all over your transcript. Take the right number for you. If this means taking fewer AP classes than your friends, so be it! Remember to pick out classes with your own goals in mind. Also, don’t underestimate the exam – you have to study to pass the AP test, even if you think the class is easy! Getting an A in an AP class but getting a 1 on 2 on the exam looks bad. Make sure to take at least two full practice exams before the real thing. Finally, continue to develop your other interests in high school. Don’t take 10 AP classes but sacrifice a key extracurricular or studying for the SAT/ACT. Remember AP classes are just one factor of an advanced high school experience. #4: Focus on the Positive Although we’ve talked a lot about problems with the AP program, I still think it’s a great way to prepare for college. You can get a lot out of AP – by learning to study on your own, developing self-discipline, and mastering challenging material. At the end of the day, how much you get out of AP classes will depend on how much effort you put in. Despite the numerous problems with AP on a national level, and uneven courses at my local high school, I’m really glad I took nine AP classes in high school. By developing my own study schedules before the tests, I honed my self-discipline and study skills. The writing fluency skills I gained from numerous AP history and English courses were also super helpful in college when I found myself with several essays to write at the end of every quarter. In short, even if the AP program leaves something to be desired at your school, you can still use it to develop your skills. Keep in mind that could mean doing extra studying outside of class and taking studying matters into your own hands. What’s Next? Thinking you should take IB classes instead? Get a comparison of the IB and AP programs. While you might think AP is the key to college, think again. Read about how a high ACT/SAT score is the single most important key to improving your admissions chances. Need some help with your ACT/SAT studying? Check out 21 SAT tricks you should be using, and find out the hidden hints in the ACT instructions. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Corporate Social Responsibility Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Corporate Social Responsibility - Coursework Example Corporate social responsibility can be broadly defined in terms of the responsiveness of businesses to stakeholders’ legal, ethical, social and environmental expectations (UNIDO, 2002). Stakeholders are people and group of people who are directly or indirectly impacted by the business. CSR underpins the principles of Coca-Cola and all its priorities and operations conform within its CSR approach. For example, it had supplied drinking water to the victims of the earthquake in Turkey (CSR Report, 2011). CSR codes refer to the international standards of CSR practices implemented in the workplace vis-Ã  -vis social and environmental responsibilities of the business.Sustainable development can be described as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (iisd, 2013). Coca-Cola is highly sensitive to the environment and takes serious measures to reduce carbon footprint and uses recycled goods to promo te conservation and preservation of the environment. It encourages environment-related activities within its companies and the community where it is operating. It has promoted rainwater harvesting in Kazakhstan and significantly reduced energy consumption in its Turkey operations. It has also adopted sustainability management approach whereby it ensures conservation of natural resources like water, land and clean air. Sustainability is defined as a process which helps to save resources for the future.